Warm up Humans evolved from apelike ancestors. What are some differences in traits between us and other primates? Dogs evolved from wolves. How are dogs and wolves different?

Warm up Last class we did a lab with our thumbs. What advantage did you have when you got to use your thumb? What type of traits or adaptations do ducks have for their environment? What adaptations do chameleons have for their environment?

Vocabulary Adaptation- is any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival. Evolution- changes within a species over an extended period of time Theory- well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations Broad, overarching explanations of how nature works, many sources

Adaptations Examples: Structural adaptations Behavioral adaptations How do desert plants and animals survive? Behavioral adaptations Migration Individual variation- certain organisms survive and reproduce better than others- environment

Charles Darwin- he’s kind of a BIG DEAL! Quick research- answer the following questions: What was Darwin’s job on the HMS Beagle? Why were the Galapagos Islands important to Darwin? What did Darwin notice about the finches?

Flapable for Charles Darwin- pg 369 Define evolution and fossil record The Or Voyage of the H.M.S. Beagle What happened? Patterns of Diversity/ Natural selection Galapagos Islands Journey Home (What did CD observe) The Origin of Species

In his book The Origin of Species, Darwin: proposed a mechanism for evolution called natural selection. natural selection- individuals in a population that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce presented evidence that evolution has been taking place for millions of years—and continues in all living things.

Antibiotics applied to population

Artificial Selection Members of each species vary from one another in important ways. Darwin noted that plant and animal breeders would breed only the largest hogs, the fastest horses, or the cows that produced the most milk. Darwin termed this process artificial selection.

Evolution by Natural Selection Darwin compared processes in nature to artificial selection. By doing so, he developed a scientific hypothesis to explain how evolution occurs.

Artificial selection is the selection by humans for breeding of useful traits wolves dogs teosinte  corn

“Survival of the Fittest” The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is fitness. Darwin proposed that fitness is the result of adaptations. An adaptation is any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival.

Because of its similarities to artificial selection, Darwin referred to the survival of the fittest as natural selection. In natural selection, the traits being selected contribute to an organism's fitness in its environment.

Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species' fitness in its environment.

Quick Lab Island 1 Island 2 Island 3 You are going to pick a “beak” and travel to different “islands”. Each island will have a different food source. You will have 30 seconds to eat as much food as you can using ONLY your beak. Fill in the following data table in your foldable: Island 1 Island 2 Island 3 Food Source # of food collected

Beak Lab Questions Which island would you most likely survive? Does your data support your answer? Explain which finch beak was most successful and least successful. Identify any strategies you may have developed in order to become a more efficient consumer. IN YOUR OWN WORDS, explain natural selection using the beaks of finches as examples.

Warm up What is evidence for evolution? List four examples? What is comparative anatomy? How are genetics used to support evolution?

Warm up- Pop Quiz Who is this man? Hint- he wrote The Origin of Species What journey changed his life? Where did he go? What did he observe? What is evolution? Why is it important

Vocab Evidence of evolution Similar organisms share a common ancestor. Fossil record Comparative anatomy- differences and similarities between living things Anatomy- study of the structure of organisms and their parts Embryology- study of how animals development before birth Molecular Biology (DNA)- scientists compare DNA between animals to see how closely they are related Geographic Distribution

Fossil Record Information about past life Structure of organisms What they ate What ate them What environment they lived in Time period they lived in

Comparative Anatomy Humerus Ulna/radius Carpal Metacarpal Phalanges

Anatomical Structures Homologous structure- same anatomy, different function Analogous structure- different anatomy, same function Vestigial structure- remnants from a common ancestor, no longer used

Embryology The early stages, or embryos, of many animals with backbones are very similar.

Genetics

Geographic Evolution Similar, but unrelated species Beaver Geographic Evolution Similar, but unrelated species Different evolutionary lineage Same type of environment Muskrat

Evidence for Evolution Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIEoO5KdPvg