Continental vs. Marine Continental refers to locations located inland away from the ocean or sea. Marine refers to areas located near the oceans or sea. Areas closer to the ocean are affected by the oceans differently during different seasons/times of the year.

Define the term temperature Range Temperature range = the difference between the highest and the lowest average monthly temperatures of a region. Large or high temperature range = extremes of temperature, hot summer cold winter. Small or low temperature range = moderated temperature, warm summer, cool winter

Did You Know? That Newfoundland’s annual temperature range is 20oC. (Environment Canada) In comparison, Winnipeg's is 38.9 and Vancouver's is 14.8.

Analyze the relationship between range of temperature and distance to the ocean. As distance from the ocean increases, summer temperatures are higher. As distance from the ocean increases winter temperatures are lower THE RESULT: As distance from the ocean increases, annual temperature range increases (larger). Continental climates experience greater extremes of temperature than coastal climates at the same latitude

Warm summers & cool winters (low / moderate) Hot summers & colder winters (high /extreme)

Continentality…for real The plains region of Saskatchewan, continental climate. winter temperatures are very cold. summer temperatures are fairly hot. Coastal Newfoundland Marine/maritime climate. winter temperatures would be very mild. summer temperatures would be warm but NOT HOT!

2.6.1 Define Elevation p. 71 Elevation = height of a region above sea level cross section of Canada Winnipeg 239 m 4000 m Sea Level

DID YOU KNOW? Air temperature decreases 2oC for every 300m increase in elevation the higher up we go; the colder it gets; hence snow on mountain tops

2.6.2 Describe the relationship between the elevation of a point and its temperature and precipitation. Relief Rainfall Windward Side of mountain Leeward Side of Mountain Rain shadow – What side?

Relief Rainfall – Recap!!! Elevation and Precipitation Windward = side of a mountain wind blows toward Leeward = side of mountain opposite from windward Rain shadow = region on leeward side of mountain that receives little precipitation because most rain dropped on windward side.

2.6.3 Analyze the relationship between temperature and precipitation of a point and its location relative to a mountain system. Cities higher up in a mountain have colder temperatures Cities on leeward side have little rain (rain shadow) Cities on windward side have more rain Match the city to the data 1113mm rain & 0oC coldest month 628mm rain & -12oC coldest month Prince George Vancouver wind