A: Box plot comparing the average changes in HbA1c between surgery and medical/lifestyle treatments in the first reports of the 11 RCTs published to date.

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A: Box plot comparing the average changes in HbA1c between surgery and medical/lifestyle treatments in the first reports of the 11 RCTs published to date. A: Box plot comparing the average changes in HbA1c between surgery and medical/lifestyle treatments in the first reports of the 11 RCTs published to date. The plot shows 15 sample points because some RCTs reported results from two different surgical arms separately. Center lines show medians; box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, as determined by R software; whiskers extend 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles. Data points are plotted as open circles. B: Change from baseline HbA1c in each of the 11 RCTs displayed in Fig. 3A. In trials where more than one type of surgery was studied, each operation is displayed separately, compared with the medical/lifestyle group. C: Dot plot comparing baseline with final HbA1c levels following surgery in each of the 11 RCTs displayed in Fig. 3A. Francesco Rubino et al. Dia Care 2016;39:861-877 ©2016 by American Diabetes Association