A quick source of energy!!

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Presentation transcript:

A quick source of energy!! Carbohydrates A quick source of energy!!

What elements are carbs composed of? Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen(O) In a ratio of – C : H 1 : 2 Example: Glucose C6H12O6 6 For every 1 Carbon (C) You will have 2 Hydrogens (H)

Function in living organisms Energy Storage in plants and animals Starch in plants Glycogen in animals Structural support in plants Cell Walls

STRUCTURE!!

Carbohydrate Monomers (Building Blocks) Mono=one Saccharide=sugar Monosaccharides: are simple sugars commonly found in rings.

Carbohydrate Monomers (Building Blocks) Glucose = C6H12O6

Carbohydrate Polymers Polysaccharides: Poly=Many, Saccharide=sugar Polysaccharides (carbs) are made by linking monosaccharides (simple sugars) together. They can be very large and complex, or they can be small and made up of only two monomers linked together. These are called Disaccharides

Carbohydrate Polymers Disaccharides: Di=Two, Saccharide=sugar Disaccharides contain 2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.

Very Large Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides) Complex Carbs Very Large Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides)

Carbohydrate Examples

Monosaccharides Monomers (Building Blocks) SIMPLE SUGARS Glucose: commonly found in blood of animals Galactose: a simple sugar found in milk Fructose: commonly found in fruit

DISACCHARIDE EXAMPLES Carbohydrate Polymers 2. Sucrose: “Table Sugar” Made up of Fructose + Glucose 1. Lactose: Found in Milk Made up of Galactose + Glucose

Polysaccharides 1. Starch: Glucose (energy) stored in plants Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 1. Starch: Glucose (energy) stored in plants (breads, pasta, potatoes)

Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples Polysaccharides Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 2. Cellulose: Forms plant cell walls providing strength and rigidity.

Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples Polysaccharides Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 3. Glycogen: Glucose stored in the liver and muscle of animals. Used for quick energy!!!