Physiology 1 Unit 2

Learning goals I will understand the components involved in muscle contraction.

Anatomy is the study of the structures of the various body systems What was anatomy? Anatomy is the study of the structures of the various body systems

Study of the functions of the various body systems What is physiology? Study of the functions of the various body systems

TOPICS IN THIS UNIT... HOW OUR MUSCLES CONTRACT HOW WE PRODUCE ENERGY FROM FOOD HOW OUR CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM WORKS HOW OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORKS

Muscle contraction

Our focus: skeletal muscle attaches to bones of the skeleton to produce movement voluntary capable of very fast contractions = fatigues easily examples!?!?

a single muscle is defined as...a number of muscle fibres: SKELETAL MUSCLE a single muscle is defined as...a number of muscle fibres: bound together by connective tissue and usually linked to bone via … Tendons!!

MUSCLE TEAMWORK most muscles are arranged in pairs (e.g. biceps/triceps, quads/hams) when one group contracts, the other relaxes to allow for the movement: AGONIST - the muscle contracting ANTAGONIST - the muscle relaxing but...it’s not that simple (since most actions require other additional muscles to ‘fine tune’ the movement) e.g., teeth brushing

SYNERGISTS - muscles surrounding the joint being moved (helping the AGONIST) FIXATORS - steady joints closer to the body (work on the joint that is more proximal). essentially stabilizes the origin.

MUSCLE TEAMWORK PRACTICE For each action listed, list 1 agonist, antagonist, 1 synergist & 1 fixator: elbow flexion knee flexion dorsiflexion hip extension shoulder flexion elbow extension shoulder ABduction plantar flexion

Learning goals I will understand the components involved in muscle contraction.