PLANT HEALTH CARE.

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Presentation transcript:

PLANT HEALTH CARE

PHC Proactive approach that manages the plant appearance, structure, and vitality Vitality Plants ability to deal with stress What arborists control Vigor Plant’s inherent genetic capacity to resist stress Select the right plant

Tree Growth Trees energy that is allocated to 4 primary functions Maintenance Growth Storage Defense Some trees grow rapidly, reserving few resources for defense Others do the opposite

Tree Defense Cellulose and lignin in tree cells are a cellular defense Herbivores cannot digest them

Tree Defense Allelochemicals produced by plant to deter herbivores Tannins and phenols Insects tend to be host specific Develop special enzymes to detoxify these compounds

Risk assessment Evaluates likelihood that part or all of tree will fail and cause damage Potential for tree failure Environment that may contribute to failure What would be damaged https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=EGMcso_2fK8

Risk assessment Structural defects not always visible

Risk assessment Visual tree assessment (VTA) Dieback Gaps Lean Root collar

Risk assessment Visual tree assessment (VTA) Ensure trunk flares visible Cracks Codominant stems Included bark

Risk assessment Visual tree assessment (VTA) Structure branches should be 50% or less than trunk

Risk assessment Visual tree assessment (VTA) Decay in the form of conks or mushrooms indicate internal decay

3 basic types of fungal decay White rot Decays lignin Lignin gives wood compressive strength and stiffness

3 basic types of fungal decay Brown rot Decays cellulose Leaves behind stiff lignin Reduces bending strength Brittle, dry and crumbly Most common on conifers

3 basic types of fungal decay Soft rot similar to brown rot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =_pmoKLxyJZM

Tree rot Trunk rot is located in upper trunk

Tree rot Basal rot (butt rot) located in lower trunk and/or base of tree

Tree rot Heartwood rot starts in center

Tree rot Sapwood rot more serious Small fruiting bodies on bark surface

Tree rot Other indications of decay Carpenter ants Cavity nesting birds Honeybees

Investigating rot Resonance testing Sounding with hard plastic mallet

Investigating rot Increment borer extract core 1/8” bit Can introduce more damage

Investigating rot Resistance recording drill pushes needle into wood and measure density

Investigating rot Acoustic device Measures time it takes for sound to travel between various points Passes slower through decayed wood https://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=WyHXvP0AJAs

Treating rot Presence of decay not necessarily a reason to remove tree Many factors affect health and stability

Treating rot Mitigation is process of reducing failure potential

Treating rot Pruning primary recommendation Support via cables or bracing Fencing off area Posting signs

Treating rot Filling cavities may do more harm than good Leave cavity alone

Treating rot Negligence Arborist fails to exercise due care

Treating rot Liability is based on cause Causation traced back to arborist’s action or lack thereof