INCINERATION

INCINERATION Define as: Control process for burning solid, liquid and gaseous combustible wastes to gases and residue containing non-combustible material.

is any facility used wholly or in part for the controlled combustion of municipal wastes and other waste. waste materials are treated at incinerator plants through the controlled application of that converts waste feed by high temperature oxidation to gaseous material. during combustion the moisture is vapourised while the combustible waste is also vapourised and oxidised.

final products are CO2, water vapour, ash, and non-combustible or residue.

life span of a landfill could be longer Objectives of thermal treatment volume reduction reduces 90% MSW reduces 70% of weight life span of a landfill could be longer

the output generally inert and more stable when landfill. Waste stabilisation outputs from the incinerator are ash, flue gas and combustible residue. the output generally inert and more stable when landfill.

Waste to energy conversion reduce the usage of fossil and fuel Conversion of natural resources.

kill all the pathogen – important in the clinical/hospital waste. Sanitisation of waste high temperature (800 – 11000C) outlet 210 -230oC kill all the pathogen – important in the clinical/hospital waste.

categories of incinerator Three categories: mass burning Selected burning source separated materials

The Incineration Process Four types of incinerator Multiple chamber incinerator Non-heat utilization incinerator Fluidised bed incinerator Rotary kiln combustor

Multiple chamber incinerator the simplest incinerator combustion proceeds in two sage combustion in the ignition chamber gaseous phase combustion in the secondary combustion chamber.

Non-heat utilisation incinerator similar with multiple chamber incinerator except the waste to energy process is not included accommodate up to 1,000 tonnes/day. capacity of storage pit 16 to 36 hrs of refuse intake

furnaces used are vertical circular, multicell rectangular or rotary kiln.

Fluidised bed incinerator uses a vertical furnace as alternate design develop and commonly used in Japan the combustion chamber contains a fluidised bed advantage of this system is less mechanical problems

FBI has a maximum capacity 350 tonnes/day more efficient in burning and flue gas volume is smaller. start up time is much smaller – 5 min

Rotary kiln combustor rotary kiln is circular, inclined, cylindrical slow revolving combustion chamber waste is rotated slowly perforation along the kiln allow O2 be pumped – efficient burning

by convection from the hot combustion gasses to the feed material energy transfer by three method radiation from the refractory inner space surface transfer energy to all surface in the kiln by convection from the hot combustion gasses to the feed material the hot refractory surface continuously comes into contact with the underside of the bed

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