Revolution Continues

Review and Reminders.. Marx – Communism – 1840’s – German Philosopher, Wrote the Communist Manifesto, predicted struggle b/w social classes, not the exact way Communism turned out… “Haves” = bourgeoisie, “Have-Nots” = proletariat WWI – 1914 – 1918, Russia aids UK/France, eventually exits, Germans have hope, Americans entered, Treaty of Versailles in 1919, Allies Win (France, British, Russia, US, Serbia, Belgium, Italy, others) Bolsheviks - Russian: “One of the Majority”- member of a wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party, which, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized control of the government in Russia (October 1917) and became the dominant political power – connected to Marxist Labor party, split from Menshevik party (socialist party formed in 1898) – Bolsheviks become Communist Party under “October Revolution” in 1917

Vladimir Lenin Leader of the Bolshevik Party Economic Reforms included the New Economic Plan (NEP) -moderate mix of capitalism and socialism Political Reforms -Bolshevik party became Communist Party -Russia becomes the United Soviet Socialist Republics Dies in 1924 Symbol for the country

Lenin's Mausoleum – Red Square in Moscow – Embalmed and on public display since 1924

Leon Trotsky intellectual, head of the Red Army, after Red October (1917) Second to Lenin, differed lately Exiled by Stalin (1929) Executed in Mexico City Stalin’s behalf Ice pick = death Favored the doctrine of World Revolution (achieve world socialism) felt that the USSR could not survive as the sole communist state the USSR must therefore seek to advance the revolution

Joseph Stalin Lenin Dies (1924) Leon Trotsky vs. Joseph Stalin Stalin takes control, late 1920’s – 5 Year Plan Now must decide how he will maintain power Decides to create a totalitarian state – one party dictatorship regulates every aspect of citizen’s lives

Methods of Control Totalitarianism Government system Takes total, centralized control over EVERY aspect Public and private life Sense of security Communication important Utilizes many methods of control and persuasion

Police Terror Terror and violence to enforce behaviors Enforce governments policies Secret Police System Spying or intimidation

Propaganda/Censorship Biased or incomplete information Sway people to accept certain beliefs Control of mass media Official Newspaper Pravda False info appears to be true Cannot go against spread beliefs

Indoctrination Instruction in the government beliefs to mold minds Control of education is essential Convince citizens to believe policies The earlier the better

Religious/Ethnic Persecution Need “enemies of the state” Scapegoat Religion and ethnicities easy targets Easily identified Discrimination Holodomor Ukrainian Starvation

Stalin Read and take notes from pages 816-819 (Green text) and 904-911 (yellow/red) and create a concept map of Stalin/Totalitarianism – Due Monday If needed, additional research and answer over the weekend: How does Stalin use Totalitarianism Ideology State Control Individuals Society Methods of Enforcement Modern Technology Dictatorship Leadership Characteristics

Stalin's Totalitarian State Ideology Explanation Example Visual Enforcement Dictatorship Dynamic Leader Technology Society Control Individual Control