CHINA Pg 74

Main Themes Settlements started on the Haung River Natural barriers blocked China from rest of Asia (except Silk Road) Ruled by a mandate from heaven… meaning it is the rulers fate to rule. Families very important…they almost always lived together. Oldest male runs the house.

V I P’s Shang Dynasty -First civilization -Created 1st Chinese writing system Zhou Dynasty -Longest running dynasty -Split into different sections

1st emperor- Shi Haungdi (Qin Dynasty) -Had the Great Wall 1st built. Han Dynasty took over…ruled 400 years. Invented scrolls (a form of paper) SILK ROAD- trade route from China to the west.

Confucianism Legalism Schools of Thought Confucianism Legalism Started by Confucius All about respect Golden Rule “Do unto others as you will have them do unto you” Started by Han Feizi All about strict punishments and rewards Promoted by Shi Huangdi when he burned all other schools of thought books.

CONFUCIUS A Chinese philosopher. Believed that a peaceful, orderly society was possible only when rulers treated people justly. Also believed people should get jobs based on ability not social status.

GREECE

Minoans (island empire with temple of Knossos)and Mycenaean's (mainland empire that were conquerors) were the 1st civilizations. Dark Ages- 300 yr. period where reading and writing was forgotten. Homer wrote Iliad and Odyssey about the Trojan War and Odysseus journey home. 1st Democracy Athens-only males with both parents Athenian could be citizens. VIP’s: Pericles famous politician, built Parthenon Solon: Well known for fairness.

Geography/Philosophy Only 1/5 land for farming, main job is sailor/fisherman. Philosophers tried to explain natural events with reason. Famous VIP’s: Socrates: executed for teaching them to think, charged with corrupting youth, dishonoring gods. Aristotle: Tutor for Alex the Great.

Religion The Arts Greece-Polytheistic (head god Zeus) Worshipped heroes (like Achilles and Heracles) and gods alike. Oracles…Gods spoke through them Most famous is the Oracle at Delphi The Arts Parthenon famous building in Athens Drama/Comedies: plays in Athens

ATHENS VS SPARTA Golden Age of Athens: gotten by trade and tribute. Democracy/Arts Spartans…powerful warrior race. WAR Persian Wars…Persia vs. Greece…Battle at Marathon, Athens wins (major battle). United Greece wins war. Athens gets very ‘big head’ making Spartans mad. Peloponnesian War (Athens VS Sparta)…Sparta wins because of Athenian plague.

MACEDONIA Phillip of Macedonia conquers Greece. Alexander the Great conquers Persia, Palestine, Egypt. Greek culture spread to areas Alex conquered. Hellenistic Period happens after Alex’s death, his kingdom split among 3 people, spreading Greek culture.