Naming Ionic Compounds Cl Cl - sodium sodium chlorine chloride sodium chloride Photo by Ra’ike

Understanding the difference between metals and nonmetals is very important. Find the dark jagged line on the Periodic Table On the left side of this line are all of the metals On the right side of this line are all of the nonmetals

+ Chemical reactions occur when atoms gain, lose, or share electrons. Metals Nonmetals Metals _____________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge. Positive ions are called ________. When elements lose electrons and increase their charge, we say that they have been _________. lose or donate + cations oxidized

_ Chemical reactions occur when atoms gain, lose, or share electrons. Metals Nonmetals Nonmetals ___________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge. Negative ions are called _______. When elements gain electrons and lower their charge, we say that they have been ________. gain/accept _ anions reduced

Metals lose/donate electrons and nonmetals gain/accept electrons Because of this metals react with nonmetals to create IONIC COMPOUNDS! NaCl Fe3O2 MgBr2 K2S ZnF2

Remember that the charge of an ion can be determined by its place on the Periodic Table. +1 +2 +3 -3 -2 -1 ±4

For each elements on your notes, predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table. -3 +2 +2 -1 +1 +2 -1 -2 +1 -1 -2 +1 -3 +1 -1

Na Na+ Mg Mg+2 Rules for Naming Ions When metals lose electrons they become ions, but their name does not change. Na Na+ sodium sodium Mg Mg+2 magnesium magnesium

F F - S S -2 Rules for Naming Ions When nonmetals gain electrons they become ions, and their name does change. F F - fluoride fluorine S S -2 sulfur sulfide

chlor- + -ide = chloride Rules for Naming Ions 1. The names of metals do not change. 2. Changing the name of nonmetals: root of element name + -ide = name of ion Examples: The name of chlorine’s ion: chlor- + -ide = chloride The name of nitrogen’s ion: nitr- + -ide = nitride

Examples of naming ions: The name of calcium’s ion: calcium (The names of metals don’t change!) The name of oxygen’s ion: ox- + -ide = oxide The name of aluminum’s ion: aluminum (The names of metals don’t change!)

Write the name of each of the ions on your notes. sulfide lithium nitride bromide potassium chloride oxide hydrogen (+), hydride (-)

It is also important that you can identify the names of polyatomic ions. Polyatomic ions are covalently bonded elements that have a charge!

Write the name of each of the polyatomic ions on your notes using your reference sheet as a guide. sulfate carbonate permanganate sulfite hydroxide nitrate

Steps for Naming Ionic Compounds YOU ARE DONE! It is that easy. CaBr2 calcium bromide Step 1: Write the name of the metal ion. Step 2: Write the name of the nonmetal ion. YOU ARE DONE! It is that easy.

1. NaF 2. MgO sodium fluoride magnesium oxide 3. SrCl2 4. Li2S strontium chloride lithium sulfide 5. CaO 6. KI calcium oxide potassium iodide

When polyatomic ions are used, simply use the name of the polyatomic ion in the compound. 1. NH4F 2. CaSO4 ammonium fluoride calcium sulfate 3. Mg(NO3)2 4. NaOH magnesium nitrate sodium hydroxide

Name the ionic compounds that are found on your notes. calcium chloride potassium sulfide potassium permanganate barium oxide ammonium chloride cesium chloride magnesium sulfate sodium bromide aluminum phosphide

Mg I +2 - MgI2 magnesium iodide You can also determine the formula of an ionic compound from its name. To do this, you will need to use what you already know about the Periodic Table. magnesium iodide Mg I +2 - MgI2 Step 1: Write the symbol and charge of the metal ion using the Periodic Table. Step 2: Write the symbol and charge of the nonmetal ion using the Periodic Table. Step 3: Determine the formula from the ions.

Sr NO3 +2 - Sr(NO3)2 strontium nitrate This is just as easy to do with polyatomic ions. You just need to use the table of polyatomic ions found on the naming compounds reference sheet. strontium nitrate Sr NO3 +2 - Sr(NO3)2 Step 1: Write the symbol and charge of the metal ion. Step 2: Write the formula and charge of the polyatomic ion using your STAAR Reference Sheet. Step 4: Determine the formula from the ions.

N-3 NO3- S-2 SO3-2 P-3 PO4-3 nitrate nitride sulfide sulfite phosphate Be very careful that you do not mix up the names of ions. This is very common for beginners to naming. Decide which name goes with each ion. nitrate N-3 NO3- nitride sulfide S-2 SO3-2 sulfite phosphate P-3 PO4-3 phosphide

SO4-2 S-2 SO3-2 N-3 NO2- NO3- Helpful Hint: If the ion ends in –ide, it is probably from the periodic table. If the ion ends in –ate or –ite, it is a polyatomic ion. If you’re not sure, just check the list to see if it is there! Examples: sulfate sulfide sulfite SO4-2 S-2 SO3-2 nitride nitrite nitrate N-3 NO2- NO3-

We know they are positive because metals are always positive. Remember that the names of transition metals includes their charge because their charges are less predictable. What are the charges of the transition metals below: Iron (II) _______ Iron (III) _______ Copper (II) _______ Copper (I) _______ Tin (IV) _______ Tin (II) _______ Lead (II) _______ Lead (IV) _______ +2 +3 +2 +1 +4 +2 +2 +4 We know they are positive because metals are always positive.

Fe O +3 -2 Fe2O3 iron (III) oxide The charges of the transition metals are important when you are determining the formula of an ionic compound. iron (III) oxide Fe O +3 -2 Fe2O3 Step 1: Write the symbol and charge of the metal ion using the roman numeral given. Step 2: Write the symbol and charge of the anion. Step 4: Determine the formula from the ions.

Write the formula of each of the ionic compounds named on your notes. KI SnCl4 BaSO4 NaCl SrS CuCO3 AlBr3 Li3N