Thyroid hormones: Possible roles in epilepsy pathology Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhoseini Tamijani, Benyamin Karimi, Elham Amini, Mojtaba Golpich, Leila Dargahi, Raymond Azman Ali, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Zahurin Mohamed, Rasoul Ghasemi, Abolhassan Ahmadiani  Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy  Volume 31, Pages 155-164 (September 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.021 Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of how THs regulate mitochondrial function (biogenesis, oxygen consumption, and gene expression) affecting nuclear and/or mitochondrion genome (direct and indirect pathways). Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 155-164DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.021) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Schematic representation of the possible interactions between the thyroid and GABA systems in vertebrates. The + and − symbols indicate stimulation and inhibition, respectively. GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; TRH, thyrotropin releasing hormone; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; T3, triiodothyronine; T4, thyroxine. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 155-164DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.021) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions