How does evolution happen? LAMARCK vs DARWIN

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Presentation transcript:

How does evolution happen? LAMARCK vs DARWIN Inheritance of Acquired Traits Natural Selection https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Jean-Baptiste_de_Lamarck.jpg/220px-Jean-Baptiste_de_Lamarck.jpg http://www.macroevolution.net/images/darwin-as-an-old-man-337-450-17.jpg

REMEMBER: DARWIN and LAMARCK DIDN’T KNOW ABOUT DNA or GENES https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZUvxWId7GY

LAMARCK Inheritance of Acquired Traits Ancestor giraffes had shorter necks than modern giraffes. Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

What do Giraffes eat? - Prefer flowers and fruit when in season MAJORITY OF DIET COMES FROM eating: - leaves and buds on trees and shrubs In lesser amounts: - Herbs and climbing vines - small amounts of grass http://www.joyofanimals.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/389068953_ab536080f3_o.jpg https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-w9bnrY2CZv8/V-oooTDJb8I/AAAAAAAAACw/XbK33HDi30Us2nLQ1uBP5Ve-3zw4JLwjQCLcB/s1600/jirafas_comiendo_muralesyvinilos_43683700__Monthly_XXL.jpg

LAMARCK Inheritance of Acquired Traits If a giraffe repeatedly reached for food high up in tall branches its neck would stretch longer and when it reproduced its offspring would have a longer neck, too. http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/kids/photos/animals/Mammals/A-G/giraffe-pair-eating.jpg

LAMARCK Inheritance of Acquired Traits Over time more giraffes will have longer necks Result of INDIVIDUALS changing by acquiring new traits Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

WHAT’S WRONG WITH LAMARCK’s INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED TRAITS IDEA? - Giraffes can’t make necks longer by stretching. - Individuals can develop some characteristics over their lifetime, (increasing muscle size, learning a skill) but these developments are NOT passed on to their offspring - DNA carries the genetic code; Inheritance is based on GENES Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

DARWIN- NATURAL VARIATION “Everyone is different” Ancestor giraffes all have different sizes of necks Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

DARWIN- NATURAL SELECTION Some individuals ALREADY HAVE TRAIT. They have an advantage in that environment and survive. Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

DARWIN - “Struggle for Existence” Competition for resources Giraffes must compete with each other to get the food and other resources they need https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/1b/eb/c7/1bebc7acfdaca878f5992f3e6dc7ca92.jpg

DARWIN- NATURAL SELECTION “Survival of the Fittest” “Winners“ “Winners“ “Winners“ “Winners“ Giraffes in population with longer necks will be able to reach more food, survive long enough to reproduce, and pass on their long neck trait to offspring. Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

DARWIN- NATURAL SELECTION “Survival of the Fittest” “Losers“ “Losers“ “Losers“ Giraffes in population with shorter necks have harder time getting food. Some will die. Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

DARWIN- NATURAL SELECTION Over time the number of giraffes with longer necks increases in population. INDIVIDUALS DON’T CHANGE. POPULATION CHANGES. Image modified from: http://static9.depositphotos.com/1497380/1122/v/950/depositphotos_11222279-stock-illustration-giraffe-cartoon.jpg

MISCONCEPTION: Evolution DOES NOT INVOLVE “needing something” OR ‘trying’ to adapt.”

MISCONCEPTION: Evolution DOES NOT INVOLVE “needing something” OR “trying to adapt.”

Either an individual has genes that are good enough to survive and reproduce, or it does not—but it can’t get the right genes by “trying.” Nature is selecting for individuals that ALREADY HAVE THE GENE/TRAIT.