Electron Arrangement in Atoms 5.2 Electron Arrangement in Atoms If this rock were to tumble over, it would end up at a lower height. It would have less energy than before, but its position would be more stable. You will learn that energy and stability play an important role in determining how electrons are configured in an atom.
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations Electron Configurations What are the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements?
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations 1.aufbau principle 2. Pauli exclusion principle 3 Hund’s rule
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations Aufbau Principle According to the aufbau principle, electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first. This aufbau diagram shows the energy levels of the various atomic orbitals. Orbitals of greater energy are higher on the diagram. Using Tables Which is of higher energy, a 4d or a 5s orbital?
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations Pauli Exclusion Principle According to the Pauli exclusion principle, an atomic orbital has two electrons with opposite spins
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations Hund’s Rule Hund’s rule states that electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that maximizes the number of unpaired electrons in the outer orbitals.
Electron Configurations 5.2 Electron Configurations Orbital Filling Diagram
for Conceptual Problem 1.1 Problem Solving 5.9 Solve Problem 9 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.
Exceptional Electron Configurations 5.2 Exceptional Electron Configurations Exceptional Electron Configurations Why do actual electron configurations for some elements differ from those assigned using the aufbau principle?
Exceptional Electron Configurations 5.2 Exceptional Electron Configurations Some actual electron configurations differ from those assigned using the aufbau principle because half-filled sublevels are not as stable as filled sublevels, but they are more stable than other configurations.
Exceptional Electron Configurations 5.2 Exceptional Electron Configurations Exceptions to the aufbau principle are due to subtle electron-electron interactions in orbitals with very similar energies. Copper has an electron configuration that is an exception to the aufbau principle. Copper is a good conductor of electricity and is commonly used in electrical wiring.
5.2 Section Quiz. 5.2.
5.2 Section Quiz. 1. Identify the element that corresponds to the following electron configuration: 1s22s22p5. F Cl Ne O
5.2 Section Quiz. 2. Write the electron configuration for the atom N. 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p3 1s22s1p2 1s22s22p1
the lowest energy level is completely filled. 5.2 Section Quiz. 3. The electron configurations for some elements differ from those predicted by the aufbau principle because the the lowest energy level is completely filled. none of the energy levels are completely filled. half-filled sublevels are less stable than filled energy levels. half-filled sublevels are more stable than some other arrangements. `
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