Lesson 024 Learning Goal: (You should be able to…) Write a conclusion Success Criteria: (Can you …)

How to organize lesson 024 The lessons Agenda was: What is a conclusion and how to write one

Write To Think 024 Remember: Do this on lined paper What is your computer number?

Audience and Purpose The purpose of the conclusion is to answer the investigative question by justifying a claim, with reasoning or explaining, supported by evidence. The audience are people who are intelligent, like science, study it, and can understand given good explanations. They have not studied parachutes but are interested, which is why they are going to read your work!

Unpacking the Conclusion Organizer You are going to annotate (mark up) the sample conclusion. You are going to compare the boxes on each part of the Graphic Organizer (GO) to the sample conclusion. The purpose is to become familiar with the GO and what you’ll need to do over the next few days. Now spend 5 minutes very carefully READING … and ONLY READING the sample conclusion. Now spend 3 minutes very carefully READING … and ONLY READING the GO. Now use pens, pencils, highlighters, colored pencils… to annotate (mark up) the sample conclusion … which pieces belong with which box? Make a key!

An introduction with the Investigative question and the hypothesis. Why did you carry out this investigation? What did you hope to find out? (What is the investigative question?)   What is your hypothesis? Use the correct format. If … then … because …. I carried out the investigation to see if the shape of rocket fins contributes to the distance a rocket flies. The investigative question was, “How do the fins on a rocket affect the distance it travels?” My hypothesis was, If we change the shape of the fins from trapezoidal fins to a traditional shark-like fin then the experimental rocket will fly 10% farther than the baseline rocket because the shark-fin shaped fins are more stable due to their larger surface area therefore making the experimental rocket fly farther. The reading How Do Rockets Work? suggest that fins aid in rocket stability. “A rocket’s stability is how straight the rocket can fly on its desired arc without wobbling back and forth or turning off course” (How Do Rockets Work?). It then goes on to say that the air on either side of a rocket pushes the rocket back on course if it’s wobbling. Because the shark-like fins have a larger surface area, they will have more air pushing them back on course.

Support or not support of the hypothesis with an explanation Support or not support of the hypothesis with an explanation. (Claim & Evidence) . What have you discovered in your investigation? Was your hypothesis supported or not supported? (This is your claim).   What analyzed data with the correct units will you use to support/not support your hypothesis? Make sure you compare your baseline & experimental rockets. (This is evidence). I have discovered that shark-fin shaped fins with a large surface area are not as aerodynamic as I proposed. My hypothesis was not supported by the data gathered while experimenting. My hypothesis was not supported because the mean for the experimental rocket should have been 10% more than the mean data set of the baseline line rocket (213cm)  and since the mean data of the experimental rocket (158cm) was in fact less than that of the baseline rocket, my hypothesis is not supported. The experimental rocket mean (158cm) was lower than the baseline rocket (213cm).

Scientific connections and explanations and further investigations . How will you use your evidence to justify whether or not the claim was supported? (This is explaining or reasoning). Can you connect this to your reading of “How a parachute Works?” This difference suggests that the baseline rocket was more stable than the experiment rocket and therefore traveled farther. Even though, as stated above the shark-like fins have more surface area, they are also larger and heavier than the trapezoidal fins. This means that the equal thrust from the launchers won’t push the experimental rocket as far as the baseline.

Design Flaws and Improvements What might have affected the accuracy of your data that you had NO control over? List at least two.   And How could you improve each of these flaws to better the experiment? One design flaw that could have affected the accuracy of our data in this experiment were the rocket launchers. I would also use a different launcher, perhaps an electric one, because the launcher provided was bent and dysfunctional at some points in the experiment, and if it was electric the amount of force would always be sustained so the launcher would not bend or break. I would ensure these things because I feel that they would make the experiment more accurate as well as the data.

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Plan of Action for writing your conclusion Use the Graphic Organizer (GO) to ‘dump’ your brains’ ideas and thoughts into the Google Doc. It’s an organizer … your ideas do not need to be ‘perfect’ in it. READ All the sections and questions FIRST then … It’s OK to flit from one section to another and back again as ideas and thoughts come to your mind. It’s about ORGANIZING! Spend some time (30 minutes) putting everything you can think of into the Graphic Organizer. THEN (today?): Who is your audience? What’s the purpose? Copy sections from the GO and paste under the Google Doc. Plan, revise, edit, rewrite if necessary, or try a ‘new approach’. Edit again (paragraphs, sentences etc.), and add transitions between sections. Read and use the Check list under the GO, the Writing tips for conclusions. Re-read and apply the Level 3 and Level 4 on the Rubric.

Audience and Purpose The audience are people who are intelligent, like science, study it, and can understand given good explanations. They have not studied straw rockets but are interested, which is why they are going to read your work! The purpose of the conclusion is to answer the investigative question by justifying a claim, with reasoning or explaining, supported by evidence.