Cellular Respiration

How Do Organisms Get Energy From Food? BOTH plants and animals must break down (digest) food in order to get energy from it (so they can live, grow, & develop) Cellular Respiration - process that makes energy (ATP) from organic compounds like glucose; done in mitochondria 2 types: Aerobic and Anaerobic Food (glucose) is broken down into CO2 and H2O and energy is released C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (ATP) This energy can be used for: Keeping a constant body temperature (Homeostatsis) Storage (ATP) - to be used later for things like growth

What Do You Notice?

Check It Out! Did you notice that cellular respiration is practically the opposite of photosynthesis?

Aerobic Respiration Requires oxygen Carried out by plants, animals, and some bacteria 1. Glycolysis - Breakdown of Glucose Occurs in cytoplasm Enzymes break down glucose into 2 sugars called pyruvate, 2 ATP molecules made. 2. Krebs Cycle (2nd Part of Respiration) Occurs in mitochondria or in cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells Oxidative or Aerobic Respiration (with oxygen) completes the breakdown of glucose and produces a large net gain of energy, 34, ATP molecules. At the end of the two stages a total of 36 ATP is produced from the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule.

Anaerobic Respiration No Oxygen present 2nd Part of Cellular Respiration continues to occur in cytoplasm. Only 2 ATP produced for every 1 glucose molecule Also called Fermentation. 2 types: alcohol and lactic acid Both start with glycolysis Pyruvate and 2 ATP produced

Pyruvate ethyl alcohol Lactic Acid Alcohol Pyruvate lactic acid Carried out by your muscles when you’re exercising hard and can’t get enough oxygen fast enough (can’t do aerobic respiration) Causes muscle cramps and soreness Pyruvate ethyl alcohol Carried out by yeast and some bacteria. Used in brewing beer, making wine, and baking bread and cakes

Label: Page 65 Outer membrane Inner Membrane Intermembrane Space-space between outer and inner membrane Cristae- folds of inner membrane