Early Empires in the Ancient Near East Chapter 3 Lesson 1: Akkad and Babylon Lesson 2: Egypt and Kush Lesson 3: Assyria and Persia www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Hyksos – invades Egypt 1650BCE Horse drawn chariots vs Egyptian donkey carts Egyptians learn from the Hyksos Middle Kingdom ended around 1650BCE with the invasion of the HYKSOS from western Asia Ruled Egypt for almost 100 years driven out by Egyptians www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) SKILLS LEARNED Use bronze in tools and weapons Use of horse drawn chariots + military skills Chariot - 2-wheeled horse drawn cart www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Hyksos driven out by Ahmose I Reunited Egypt Established a New Kingdom Developed a professional army CREATED AN EMPIRE www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Amenhotep III Ruled the largest amount of territory Built great temples, buildings, statues and trade centers Amenhotep III – King Tut’s grandfather www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaton the “heretic” Pharaoh (King Tut’s father) wanted Egyptians to worship only one god: Aten Met resistance …the people did not agree, and when he died Tutankhamen restored to polytheism www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Tutankhamen Tutankhamen - King Tut's Tomb lay undisturbed for roughly 3,300 years until English archaeologist Howard Carter discovered it Nov. 1, 1922. Carter and his team happened upon it www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Hatshepsut Hatshepsut – “Foremost of Noble Ladies” She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs (was originally regent to her stepson) Sometimes would wear a fake beard had ppl refer to her as “His Majesty” www.glscott.org

Egypt: The New Kingdom (1550BCE-1070BCE) Sea Peoples invade Egypt after Ramses II died and Egypt was weakened www.glscott.org

Alexander the Great-The Roman Empire and Cleopatra Egypt was controlled by various groups until the 4th Century BCE 332BCE Alexander the Great Conquers Egypt Following his death (323BCE)and the breakup of Alexanders Empire the next Empire to take Egypt would be Rome. Julius Caesar and the last active Pharaoh Cleopatra VII www.glscott.org

Kingdom of kush (250BCE-150ce) NUBIA Trade w/Egypt for many years Goods: ivory, ebony, wood, leopard skins Nubia is South of Egypt www.glscott.org

Kingdom of kush (250BCE-150ce) Broke away when New Kingdom collapsed (c.1000 BCE) Established new Kingdom called KUSH www.glscott.org

Kingdom of kush (250BCE-150ce) Kush conquered Egypt Assyrians drove out the Kushites in 663BCE The Kushites, still using bronze and stone weapons, were no match for the Assyrians, using iron weapons and were driven out in 663BCE Kushites retreated to their original homeland and went into decline in 150AD www.glscott.org