The Industrial Revolution and Women in Western Europe

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Industrial Revolution

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Presentation transcript:

The Industrial Revolution and Women in Western Europe How did life compare for women of the: - Working class? - Middle class? - Upper class? - Peasantry? Adapted from Nina Wohl, Bronx High School of Science

Questions to consider: What is the role of women in society? How do women fulfill themselves? What is the ideal role for women?

I. Background: The French Revolution Women demanded political rights Any rights achieved were revoked with the Napoleonic Code

Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus. Rev., very emotional Liberty Leading People (1830), by Delacroix

Realism: art form that rejected Romanticism & dealt w/problems of Indus. Rev. head on

How did the Industrial Revolution change women’s lives?

Industrial Revolution – Women hauling coal

II. Impact of Industrialization A. Early phase - 1. Working class women: jobs in factories & mines AND caring for home & families 2. Middle class women assisted husbands in new factories & stores, had servant help at home

II. Impact of Industrialization Later phases - 1. Continuity for working class women 2. Middle class women discouraged from working after marriage, focus on the home

How did life change for women who were peasants during the Industrial Revolution?

How did life change for women of the upper class during the Industrial Revolution?

Tea (1872), by James Tissot

Madame Georges Charpentier & Her Children (1878) by Pierre-Auguste Renoir

III. The Cult of Domesticity (separate spheres for men & women) Women’s role centered on: child care, housekeeping, supervising servants & providing husbands w/ quiet home where they could escape pressures of business & politics

Mother Feeding Child (1898) by Mary Cassatt

The Princess by Alfred Lord Tennyson Man for the field and woman for the hearth: Man for the sword and for the needle she: Man with the head and woman with the heart: Man to command and woman to obey: All else is confusion.

Men seen as rational, decisive, practical Women seen as loving, nurturing, morally pure, emotional How much has changed since then?

The Modern Women

The Ideal Woman???? Scarlett Johannssen