Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6:7 Special Senses Senses allow body to react to the environment Enable us to see, hear, taste, smell, and to maintain balance 5 senses Sight Hearing Tasting Smelling Touching Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Eye ~ Sense of Sight In order for vision to take place: Light rays are transmitted to the optic nerve Optic nerve relays information to brain for interpretation Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Layers of the Eye Sclera: outermost layer of the eye Choroid coat: middle layer of the eye Retina: innermost layer of the eye Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Other Special Structures Conjunctivia: membrane that lines the eyelid and cover the front of the eye Cornea: Transmits & focuses light into the eye Iris: colored portion of the eye Pupil: black area of the iris Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Lens: focuses light rays on the retina Aqueous humor: Clear fluid that fills the space between the cornea & iris Vitreous humor: Jelly-like substance that fills the area behind the lens and maintains the round shape of the eye Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diseases and Abnormal Conditions Amblyopia: “lazy eye”; seen in childhood. One eye is dominant over the other Astigmatism: abnormal curvature of the cornea; causes blurred vision Cataract: clouding of the lens of the eye Conjuctivitis: pink eye Glaucoma: increased pressure in the eye; usually seen in people over 40 Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diseases and Abnormal Conditions (continued) Hyperopia – farsightedness Myopia – nearsightedness Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Controls hearing and balance Sound waves transmitted to the auditory nerve which relays information to the brain for interpretation Consists of the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Outer Ear Pinna or auricle: outer part of the ear Auditory canal: tube that leads to the inner ear Tympanic membrane: ear drum Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Middle Ear 3 small bones of the middle ear Malleus Incus Stapes Eustachian tube: connects the ear to the throat Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Sense of Taste Taste receptors located on the tongue Four main tastes Sweet Salty Sour Bitter Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Sense of Smell Nose is the organ of smell Olfactory receptors in nasal cavity carry impulses from the olfactory nerve to the brain for interpretation Humans can detect over 6,000 smells Sense of taste and smell related Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Skin and General Senses Sense receptors for pressure, heat, cold, touch, and pain located in the skin and connective tissue Allow the human body respond to its environment Help body react to conditions that could cause injury Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.