Presentation Properties and Changes of Matter By: Vaibhav Sharma

Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space

Types of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Definite shape and volume Takes shape of Container Definite volume Gas Has no shape or volume Plasma Ionized gas – equal amounts of positive and negative atoms Has properties different from gases Excited molecules and free electrons

Other types of matter Superfluid Bose-Einstein Condensate When liquids are close to absolute zero (-273 C) Zero viscosity Bose-Einstein Condensate Matter in this form do not have independent particles

Properties of Matter

Physical Properties Properties that can be observed without changing the sample Examples: Density – Mass/Volume (g/cm3 Color Malleability – able to be pounded into thin sheets Ductility – able to be drawn into wires

Intensive vs Extensive Properties Intensive Properties do not changed based on amount of matter Examples: Density Color Extensive Properties change based on amount Examples Mass Volume Length

Chemical Properties Properties only observable when identity changes Reactivity Flammability Only observed when something is burned Oxidation Apple turns brown when left in air Can’t tell in advance without letting the apple change

Changes of Matter

Physical Changes A change where the identity of matter remains the same Phase Changes: Solid to liquid -> melting Liquid to gas -> boiling Ice has same composition as water, water vapor Can often be undone

Heating Curve

Phase Diagram

Chemical Changes Changes the identity of compound Wood Burning Souring Milk Caramelization of Sugar Rust Formation Copper turning green (patina)