National Situation regarding Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Country report (Iraq) National Situation regarding Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) [Layth Mohammed Salih Abdulrasool]

PPR Disease In Iraq The first record of PPR was a serosurveillance in 1997 (Saod et al.,1997). The first official report to OIE and FAO was in September 1998 after a major outbreak of the disease in northern Iraq. First record for virus isolation was in 2000 (Tomina et al.,2000). PPR Lineage IV is present in Iraq.

PPR serosurveillance 2010

PPR Disease Serosurveillance (%) 2010 2009 26.25 14.5 Baghdad 12 20 Nineveh 2 / Basra 20.6 9 Babel 9.37 13 Karbala 12.5 16 Najaf 4 Diwaniyah 17 6 Thi-Qar 2.7 49 Missan 3.12 22 Wasit 14.2 10 Diyala 12.6 5 Salah-Eldin 37.8 28 Kirkuk 27.81 Anbar 9.3 Muthana 19 Total Slide describe disease surveillance

PPR Clinical Disease submitted to the Veterinary Official Clinic 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 31 54 91 35 Baghdad 32 17 Nineveh 7 121 Basra 5 25 Babel Karbala 97 10 Najaf Diwaniyah 28 Thi-Qar Missan 9 100 6 Wasit 30 12 79 363 67 Diyala 450 Salah-Eldin 4 43 14 468 Kirkuk 26 Anbar Muthana 111 194 341 1018 567 Total Outbreaks of PPR since 2010

Disease Status in 2015 Clinical Disease ( till November) Total Infection Death 1001 731 270 Laboratory Confirmed Cases ( till November) Total +ve -ve 39 11 28

PPR Impact on animal health sector Sever cases & outbreaks of PPR can result in serious socioeconomic effects through: Threaten the national food security. Loss of a main source of high quality protein, or income, Affecting the branch of industry that deal with dairy production and Textile industries. Prevent the development of the animal wealth. Affect the international trade of live animals and their products. Describe the impact of PPR

PPR Control Strategy In Iraq Compulsory, Free of charge vaccination campaigns for all small ruminant 3 months and above, once yearly. Awareness campaigns for farmers and veterinarians. Application of animal movement restriction, and quarantine measures. Applying of biosafety and security measures when new disease foci are identify. Establishment of minimum competencies to the delivery of national veterinary services. Improve prophylactics measures against exotic infectious diseases. Describe the existing control measures, general PPR control objectives in your country

Vaccine properties used in control strategy Live attenuated Vaccine using linage I African isolate Nigeria 75/1. The vaccine contain at least 10 2.5 TCID 50/ ml.

PPR Vaccination Campaigns implemented Province 2011 2012 2013 2014 Dyala 62% 29% 80.39% 99.14% Baghdad 94.5% 83.6% 93.23% 98.45% Basrah 100% 74.57% 99.98% Ninevah 21.7% 80% 99.37% 82.78% Kirkuk 45.2% 115% 109.9% 109.44% Babil 84.8% 70.2% 89.25% 97.56% Anbar 23.7% 84.4% 91.07% 14.26% Salah El-din 47.7% 70.5% 73.68% 75.19% Missan 55.5% 73.7% 74.13% 102.47% Muthana 47.6% 80.3% 80.09% Dewania 26.2% 79.8% 80.03% 99.99% Karbla’a 92.4% 197.8% 191.3% 99.66% Najaf 165.8% 239.8% 87% 386.59% Wassit 37.5% 68.7% 70.47% 100.06% Thi-Qar 51.2% 65.3% 70.51% 94.50% Total 73.5% 77.6% 90.97% 89.81% Do the PPR control measures currently in place allow the reduction of PPR impact ?

Success Keys for the National As well as Global Control Strategy Stable Virus, One serotype with four lineages No carrier state after infection Long Term Immunity or life long after single vaccine dose. The new Thermo-Stable vaccine that will overcome any problems in the cold chain delivery and enhance immune response.

Main difficulties encountered for Controlling PPR In ability to provide veterinary services as well as vaccination campaigns in unsecure or area where military actions are present. Inefficient restriction animals movement on borders. Low level of cooperation with the Kurdish region in northern of Iraq. Low level of cooperation with neighboring countries. Inefficient cooperation with the veterinary private sector. Inefficient awareness campaigns. Inadequate live stock estimation Numbers. No DIVA system.

Iraq Position within the Global Strategy From all above and with the current disease situation and the advance control measures that are been implementing Iraq suppose to be in the Stage 2 of the global strategy.

Needs for Support Field Tests, Diagnostic kits Awareness campaigns for Farmers and animal owners, Raise capacity and capability of field veterinarian for disease diagnosis, Developing the communication and reporting system Co operation and communication with neighboring countries Describe the need for support

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