Volume 60, Issue 4, Pages 796-808 (October 2011) Varicocele and Male Factor Infertility Treatment: A New Meta-analysis and Review of the Role of Varicocele Repair  Abdulaziz Baazeem, Eric Belzile, Antonio Ciampi, Gert Dohle, Keith Jarvi, Andrea Salonia, Wolfgang Weidner, Armand Zini  European Urology  Volume 60, Issue 4, Pages 796-808 (October 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018 Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Intention-to-treat analysis: Forest plot depicting odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for pregnancy outcome in the four randomized controlled trials on varicocele repair or observation in men with abnormal semen parameters and clinical varicocele [18–21]. The random effect model was used (heterogeneity χ2=14.60 [df=3]; p=0.024). OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval. European Urology 2011 60, 796-808DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018) Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 “As-treated” analysis: Forest plot depicting odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for pregnancy outcome in the four randomized controlled trials on varicocele repair or observation in men with abnormal semen parameters and clinical varicocele [18–21]. The random effect model was used (heterogeneity χ2=7.41 [df=3]; p=0.060). OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval. European Urology 2011 60, 796-808DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018) Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Forest plot depicting mean improvement (with 95% confidence intervals) in sperm concentration in the 22 prospective varicocelectomy studies in men with abnormal semen parameters and clinical varicocele. The random effect model was used (heterogeneity χ2=1210.92 [df=21]; p < 0.0001) [18,35,49,56,63,64,67–81]. CI=confidence interval. European Urology 2011 60, 796-808DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018) Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Forest plot depicting mean improvement (with 95% confidence intervals) in percent sperm motility (total motility) in the 17 prospective varicocelectomy studies in men with abnormal semen parameters and clinical varicocele. The random effect model was used (heterogeneity χ2=4308.19 [df=16]; p < 0.0001) [35,49,56,63,64,67,70–73,75,77–80,82]. CI=confidence interval. European Urology 2011 60, 796-808DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018) Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Forest plot depicting mean improvement (with 95% confidence intervals) in percent progressive sperm motility in the five prospective varicocelectomy studies in men with abnormal semen parameters and clinical varicocele. The random effect model was used (heterogeneity χ2=16.23 [df=4]; p=0.003) [18,68,69,74,76]. CI=confidence interval. European Urology 2011 60, 796-808DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.018) Copyright © 2011 Terms and Conditions