CHEM 106 Physical & Chemical Properties ____________ Atoms/ Compounds and The Periodic Table
Chemistry & Matter Organization of matter Physical vs. Chemical Properties Physical States: Solid (s), Liquid (l), Gas (g) Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Mixtures
Organization of Matter Classifying & Separating Matter Mixtures Pure Substances
Physical States of Matter http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/States-of-Matter.mov
Physical States of Water
Chemistry & Matter Properties & Physical States Physical vs. Chemical Properties Solid (s) Liquid (l) Gas (g) Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Mixtures Extensive vs. Intensive Properties Varies with amount (extensive) or does not vary with amount (intensive) Heat of chemical reaction is extensive (Chemical Property), density is intensive (Physical Property)
Chemistry & Matter Organization of atoms & molecules: atoms/elements molecules/compounds Physical vs. Chemical Properties Chemical Reactions: atoms combine to form molecules, which chemically react further.
Chemical Visualization: Atoms & Molecules Atomic Force Microscopy / Molecular Modeling Experimental / Mathematical Figure: 01-05a-d Solid (s) Liquid (l) Gas (g)
Organization of Matter Molecules Atoms / Elements & Compounds/ Molecules
CHEMISTRY of Atoms The Periodic Table Mendeleev’s Table 1868-1871 Mural at St. Petersburg University, Russia
Los Alamos National Lab Periodic Table Los Alamos National Lab http://chemconnections.org/general/chem106/periodictable%202016.htm
Figure: 01-06
Composition of the Earth’s Atmosphere Figure: 01-06
Composition of the Earth’s Atmosphere Today: Figure: 01-06
Elements & Compounds Element: A substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical means, eg. Fe, Iron or S8 Sulfur FeS Compound: A substance with a constant composition that can be broken down into elements only by chemical processes,eg. FeS, Iron (II) sulfide
~ 500 new molecules are currently added / hr Chemistry & Matter How many different chemicals (atoms + molecules) do you think have been reported in the scientific literature? A) 100,000 B) 1,000,000 C) 10,000,000 D) 100,000,000 E) 1,000,000,000 CAS Registry : ~12,000 in 1907 ~ 500 new molecules are currently added / hr
Chemistry & Matter How many different chemicals (atoms + molecules) do you think have been reported in the scientific literature? A) 100,000 B) 1,000,000 C) 10,000,000 D) 100,000,000 *** E) 1,000,000,000 CAS Registry : ~12,000 in 1907; ~ 75 million in 2013; 100,000,000 reached in July 2015 ~ 500 new molecules are currently added / hr http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CAS_numbers_by_chemical_compound
Observations of Physical & Chemical Properties http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/phys-chem-prop.mov
A) I and II B) I and III C) II and III D) I, II and III QUESTION Extensive properties of a pure substance depend on sample size whereas intensive properties are characteristic of that substance. Which of these properties are intensive? I) Color II) Mass III) Density A) I and II B) I and III C) II and III D) I, II and III
A) I and II B) I and III C) II and III D) I, II and III Answer Extensive properties of a pure substance depend on sample size whereas intensive properties are characteristic of that substance. Which of these properties are intensive? I) Color II) Mass III) Density A) I and II B) I and III C) II and III D) I, II and III Correct Answer: B
Using Physical & Chemical Properties: Distinguishing a Compound & a Mixture FeS http://chemconnections.org/general/movies/mixtures%20%26%20compounds.mov
Which of these are chemical properties of matter? QUESTION Which of these are chemical properties of matter? I) Rust/Corrosion II) Density III) Flammability IV) Melting point (Temperature: Solid Liquid) A) I and II B) I and III C) II and IV D) III and IV
Which of these are chemical properties of matter? Answer Which of these are chemical properties of matter? I) Rust/Corrosion II) Density III) Flammability IV) Melting point (Temperature: Solid Liquid) A) I and II B) I and III C) II and IV D) III and IV Correct Answer: B