Types of Cellular Transport

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Presentation transcript:

Types of Cellular Transport Active Transport cell does use energy Proteins transport substances against concentration gradient (low  high conc.) Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis high low This is gonna be hard work!! 1

Active Transport Requires ENERGY (ATP) Proteins transport substances against concentration gradient (low  high conc.) Eg. Na+/K+ pump, proton pump

Electrogenic Pumps: generate voltage across membrane Na+/K+ Pump Proton Pump Pump Na+ out, K+ into cell Nerve transmission Push protons (H+) across membrane Eg. mitochondria (ATP production)

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Active Transport Molecular Transport Molecule to be carried Active Transport Active transport of particles against a concentration difference requires transport proteins and energy. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Types of Active Transport Sodium Potassium Pumps (Active Transport using proteins) Protein Pumps -transport proteins that require energy to do work Example: Sodium / Potassium Pumps are important in nerve responses. Protein changes shape to move molecules: this requires energy! 5

Eg. sucrose-H+ cotransporter (sugar-loading in plants) Cotransport: membrane protein enables “downhill” diffusion of one solute to drive “uphill” transport of other Eg. sucrose-H+ cotransporter (sugar-loading in plants)

Passive vs. Active Transport 12/3/2018 Passive vs. Active Transport Little or no Energy High  low concentrations DOWN the concentration gradient eg. diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion (w/transport protein) Requires Energy (ATP) Low  high concentrations AGAINST the concentration gradient eg. pumps, exo/endocytosis

Osmoregulation Control solute & water balance Contractile vacuole: “bilge pump” forces out fresh water as it enters by osmosis Eg. paramecium caudatum – freshwater protist

Endocytosis & Exocytosis animations Bulk Transport Transport of proteins, polysaccharides, large molecules Endocytosis: take in macromolecules, form new vesicles This is how white blood cells eat bacteria! Exocytosis: vesicles fuse with cell membrane, expel contents. Cell changes shape – requires energy EX: Hormones or wastes released from cell Endocytosis & Exocytosis animations

Types of Endocytosis Phagocytosis: Pinocytosis: “cellular eating” - solids Pinocytosis: “cellular drinking” - fluids Active Transport Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis: Ligands bind to specific receptors on cell surface