“Now, the real significance of this [campaign for preparedness] is that we have all at once, in the midst of terrifying cataclysm, abjured our faith in many things American. We no longer believe, as for 140 years, in the moral power of an America unarmed and unafraid; we believe suddenly that the influence of the United States is to be measured only by the numbers of our soldiery and our dreadnoughts – our whole history to the contrary notwithstanding.” Osswald Garrison Villard, writer and journalist, 1916 Analyze the source, what global conflict was the author referencing? Summarize the main idea of this passage. The author says, “We no longer believe, as for 140 years, in the moral power of an America unarmed and unafraid.” Would early leaders like Thomas Jefferson support a large standing army? Why or why not?

America in world war I Home Front

Unrestricted submarine warfare Germany sank ships entering British waters – cut off supplies. Lusitania was sunk by a German U-boat in May, 1915. America neutral. Nearly 1,200 civilians died, including 128 Americans.

Zimmerman note Germany proposed an alliance with Mexico. If Mexico went to war with the US with Germany, Mexico would get back Texas, New Mexico, & Arizona. US declared war in April, 1917.

War machine Selective Service Act – required all men to register for military service. Mass production – industry converted to produce war-related materials and weapons.

Selling the war President Woodrow Wilson – “make the world safe for democracy.” War bonds – used to fund the war. Propaganda – media intended to make people think/act a certain way.

Propaganda

Women Worked in war-time factories. Great pay, better jobs. 19th Amendment

Great migration Movement of African Americans from the deep south to the north. Jobs in war-related factories.

Civil liberties Espionage & Sedition Acts (1917) – made it a crime to speak, write, or protest against the war and/or American government. Eugene V. Debs

What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act? To quickly increase the size of the American military. To regulate war-time industries. To enlist support of African Americans in American industries. To force women to work in American industries.

Protests such as this one were in response to what controversial World War I law(s)? USA PATRIOT ACT The Dawes Act The Espionage and Sedition Acts 19th Amendment

Exit ticket 4. This political cartoon would be most associated with what reason for American involvement in World War I? A. Sinking of the Lusitania. B. Unrestricted submarine warfare. C. Chemical warfare. D. The Zimmerman Note.