Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR)

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Presentation transcript:

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) e–’s spread out in different shapes to minimize repulsions.

How does a molecular get its shape? assume e– pairs are spread out, then predict the shape.

Electron Domains All (single, double, or triple) bonds, are only 1 e– domain. How many e– domains around the central atom A? 2 3 3 e– domains around A: AB3 1 AB3 3 atoms

B AB3E AB3 Electron Domains All (single, double, or triple) bonds, are only 1 e– domain. Each lone e– pair is 1 e– domain. How many e– domains around the central atom A? 2 4 e– domains around A: B 1 AB3E 3 4 AB3 3 atoms 1 e– pair

Molecular Geometry (shapes) general form example AB2 linear CO2 bond angle = ___o around central atom 180 180o 120o BF3 AB3 trigonal planar bond angle = ___o around central atom 120

Molecular Geometry (shapes) general form example AB4 tetrahedral 90o ? CH4 bond angle = ____o around central atom 109.5 NH3 AB3E trigonal pyramidal H2O AB2E2 bent

Molecular Geometry (shapes) AB2 linear (180o) AB3 trigonal planar (120o) AB4 tetrahedral (109.5o) AB3E trigonal pyramidal AB2E2 bent

How to Predict Molecular Geometry (shape) (in 3 easy steps) Draw the Lewis structure Count e– domains Name the shape. Example: NH3 (ammonia) tetrahedral? 4 domains = AB4 ? AB3E trigonal pyramidal

Quick Quiz! What is the molecular geometry of the PH3 molecule? linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal pyramidal AB3E

Quick Quiz. AB3 Which molecule has a trigonal planar geometry? NH3 H2O CH3F BH3 trigonal pyramidal AB3E AB2E2 bent AB4 tetrahedral