Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism Three Philosophies Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism

Three Philosophies After the fall of the Zhou dynasty, China was in chaos! The people of China were looking for ways to put Chinese society back together. Chinese teachers questioned their society’s rules and values.

Confucianism: Main Beliefs People are good at heart Five relationships will ensure social order father to son older brother to younger brother husband to wife ruler to subject friend to friend If everyone fulfilled their duties and kept their place then society would be stable and harmonious.

Confucianism: Main Beliefs Filial Piety – respect for parents Rulers should lead by example. Men were superior to women. Education is what sets men apart from one another Confucius say: Man who runs in front of car get tired.

Confucianism: Effects on Society Traditional ways are reinforced. Family loyalty is VERY important! Women are treated poorly! Education = road for advancement Civil Service Exam used to pick people for gov’t jobs

Confucianism: Quotes “Do not do to others what you do not wish for yourself.” “While a father or mother is alive, a son should not travel far.” “Real knowledge is to know the extent of one’s own ignorance.” “By nature, men are pretty much alike; it is learning and practice that set them apart.”

Legalism: Main Beliefs People are basically evil at heart  greed is the motivation for most human action! Emphasis is put on strict enforcement of law. Founder: Han Feizi (HAHN fay DZEE) That’s me!

Legalism: Main Beliefs Strength, not goodness, is the ruler’s greatest virtue! The only way to achieve order is to pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments.

Legalism: Effects on Society When Legalist rulers were in control, people were treated harshly. Peace, order, and social welfare came ahead of individual (human) rights!

Legalism: Quotes “The nature of man is evil. His goodness is acquired.” “The ruler alone possesses power, wielding it like lightning or thunder.” Eeek!

Daoism: Main Beliefs No interest in social order or government as a whole. Most concerned with the individual finding a way to live in harmony with nature. Founder: Laozi (LOW DZEE) Han Feizi is a dope!

Daoism: Main Beliefs “Dao” – the way of the universe as a whole Rejected conflict, emphasized the virtue of yielding (going with the flow) Viewed government as unnatural!

Daoism: Effects on Society Government that governs least governs best! View people as part of nature. People respect nature and its forces, seeing them as necessary and positive.

Yin and Yang are opposites that work together! You can’t have one Daoism: Quotes “If the people are difficult to govern, it is because those in authority are too fond of action.” Yin and Yang are opposites that work together! You can’t have one without the other: good & evil, night & day, pb & j!!

Which Philosopher Is It? “He who controls others may be powerful, but he who has mastered himself is mightier still.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? “He who controls others may be powerful, but he who has mastered himself is mightier still.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? “People are submissive to power, and few of them can be influenced by doctrines of righteousness.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? “People are submissive to power, and few of them can be influenced by doctrines of righteousness.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? “Have no friends not equal to yourself.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? “Have no friends not equal to yourself.” Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? Daniel loves to play basketball. However, one of his teammates and a star player, Nathan, is often hard on the other players when they lose. Daniel can usually ignore it, but after one playoff game loss, he criticized Daniel harshly for not making a free throw. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? Daniel loves to play basketball. However, one of his teammates and a star player, Nathan, is often hard on the other players when they lose. Daniel can usually ignore it, but after one playoff game loss, he criticized Daniel harshly for not making a free throw. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? One morning, Beth and her friends were walking to English class. Approaching the class, they see an unfamiliar teacher standing by the door. Beth remembers that they are supposed to have a substitute teacher today. Both of her friends want to cut class. Beth decides not to. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? One morning, Beth and her friends were walking to English class. Approaching the class, they see an unfamiliar teacher standing by the door. Beth remembers that they are supposed to have a substitute teacher today. Both of her friends want to cut class. Beth decides not to. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? Roberto comes from a large family. He grew up with a father who was very strict and expected all members of the household to follow fair but firm rules. Roberto does not always agree with his father’s rules. Yet, he understands that with so many people under one roof, there must be rules that lead to cooperation. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism

Which Philosopher Is It? Roberto comes from a large family. He grew up with a father who was very strict and expected all members of the household to follow fair but firm rules. Roberto does not always agree with his father’s rules. Yet, he understands that with so many people under one roof, there must be rules that lead to cooperation. Confucius - Confucianism Han Feizi - Legalism Laozi - Daoism