AP World Review: Video #6: Greece and Persia (Key Concepts 2 AP World Review: Video #6: Greece and Persia (Key Concepts 2.2, II, E-F, 2.2, I, A, 2.2, II, A-B, 2.2, III, A-c) Everything You Need to Know About Greece And Persia To Succeed In AP World www.APWorldReview.com

Greek Geography Irregular coastline = trade and seafaring Mountains and islands separated Greeks -> led to city-states (poleis) City as an independent state

Greek City-States Patriarchy society Citizenship = free males Sparta: Focus on military Boys taken at age 7 to train Women had more freedom than other Greeks Received an education, could own property Government was ruled by kings and an oligarchy

Greek City-States Athens: Significant political and intellectual contributions Originally ruled by tyrants Democracy in 500s B.C.E. Direct democracy All citizens vote Pericles Leader during the Golden Age (461 - 429 B.C.E.) Built the Parthenon Women could not own property, could not vote, no education Protective City walls

Socrates, Plato, And Aristotle (SPA) Socratic Method Put to death for challenging state religion Plato: Student of Socrates Established the Academy The Republic - focus on justice and ethical values Influential in politics Aristotle: Student of Plato, teacher of Alexander the Great Focused on empiricism: Knowledge comes from observation and evidence using senses

Greek Religion Zeus and other gods Contact with other regions allowed religion to become syncretic Combined ideas from other cultures Religion and literature were closely linked: Attending religious functions was seen as part of civic duty Plays focused on Gods

Greek Architecture And Art Greek myth carvings in Parthenon Olympics: Every 4 years, fighting would stop Lasted 1000 years

Greek Colonies City-states set up colonies in the Mediterranean Colonies had a fair amount of autonomy, or independence

Persian Empire Cyrus The Great (559 - 539 B.C.E.) Achaemenid Empire (1st Persian Empire) United areas of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India Diverse Empire Darius (522 - 486 B.C.E.) Empire was divided into provinces Satraps - rulers of provinces Taxes paid for government bureaucracy Persepolis in Iran Royal Road - 1,500 - increased trade Common currency

Persian Empire Persia was tolerant Must pay taxes and provide soldiers No religious uniformity Spread Zoroastrianism - heaven and hell Patriarchy - women could own property With large bureaucratic government, new occupations emerged Accountants, tax collectors, translators Slaves worked on farms, servants in cities

Persian Wars Greece and Persia clashed over land in Asia Minor Marathon - Athens defeated Persia Battle of Thermopylae 300! Persia captured Athens later Persia was eventually defeated by Athens at sea

Persian Empires Parthian: Present-day Iraq and Iran Capital at Ctesiphon Used satraps Defeated by the Sassanids in 224 C.E. Sassanids: Helped spread Zoroastrianism Persecuted Christians

Comparing Greece And Persia Similarities Large territories Women had few rights Trade with other regions Cultural diffusion Differences Religion: Persia = monotheistic and Zoroastrianism Greece = many gods Persia was tolerant of other customs and traditions Greeks were united through similar culture, language, etc. City-states were NOT politically united

Quick Recap Greek City-States Compare Athens and Sparta Rights of women in Greece Contributions of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle (SPA) Greek Religion Persian Empire Religion, rights for women Persian Wars Comparing Persia and Greece

See You Back Here For Video #7: Alexander The Great And Ancient Rome Thanks for watching Best of luck!