UPOREDNA ANALIZA PRIMENE SISTEMA ZAŠTITE DECE U VOZILU U POJEDINIM ZEMLJAMA SVETA I SRBIJI, SA ASPEKTA PROPISA I VREDNOSTI INDIKATORA COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS IN SOME WORLD COUNTRIES AND SERBIA, REGARDING REGULATIONS AND INDICATOR VALUES Milan Vujanić, dipl. inž. Duško Pešić, dipl. inž. Miloš Miljković, dipl. inž.

Uvod / Introduction povrede, 4-7 godina, 59%↓ buster + pojas u odnosu na pojas* / injuries, 4-7 years, 59%↓ booster + safety belt vs. safety belt only* * Durbin et al, 2003 at St. Louis et al., 2008 sistemi zaštite, smrtnost odojčad 70%↓, deca 50%↓* / protective systems, death rate infants 70%↓, children 50%↓* * WHO (2004) 4 greške pri upotrebi dečijih sedišta: uzrast (odojčad), masa i visina; položaj deteta u sedištu; pozicija u vozilu; prevremeno novi sistemi* 4 mistakes in child seats usage: age (infants), weight and height; child position in seat; position in vehicle; prematurely new systems* * Elliot et al, 2006 at Reed et al., 2009 85% roditelja nepravilno upotrebljava dečija sedišta u automobilu* / 85% of paretns use child seats inappropriately in automobiles* * Decina and Knoebel, 1997; Nationa Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1996; National SAFE KIDS Campaign, 1999 at Will 2005

PROPISI U VEZI PRIMENE SISTEMA / REGULATIONS REGARDING SYSTEMS USAGE Uzrast, težina, visina / Age, weight, height

PROPISI U SRBIJI / REGULATIONS IN SERBIA 0-3 godine; 4-12 godina*/ 0-3 years; 4-12 years* * ZBS (član 31.) ECE R44/04* *Auto-moto savez Srbije, 2014 *http://www.goodeggcarsafety.com/blog/tag/isize/ Pravilnik, član 101., stav 3 Pravilnik, član 101., stav 4

PROPISI U NOVOM ZELANDU / REGULATIONS IN NEW ZEALAND 7 godina – odgovarajući sistsem zaštite ili pojas, ili na zadnjem sedištu bez pojasa* 7 years – appropirate child restraint system or seatbelt, or back seat without seatbelt* *New Zealand Transport Agency, 2014 Deca mlađa od 15 godina – na prednjem sedištu samo uz odgovarajući sistem zaštite za decu ili pojas* Children under 15 years – frontseat drive only with using appropriate child restraint system or seatbelt* *New Zealand Transport Agency, 2014 8 – 14 godina –pojas, ili na zadnjem sedištu bez pojasa* 8 – 14 years – seatbelt, or back seat without seatbelt* *New Zealand Transport Agency, 2014 Deca mlađa od 7 godina – odgovarajući sistem zaštite za decu (ne pojas)* Children under 7 – appropirate child restraint system (not seatbelt)* *New Zealand Transport Agency, 2014

PROPISI U ONTARIJU / REGULATIONS IN ONTARIO Buster sedište 18 – 36 kg (deca mlađa od 8 godina i niža od 1,45 m)* Booster seat 18 – 36 kg (children under 8 years of age and shorter than 1,45 m)* *Ministry of transportation, Ontario, 2014 Deca težine ispod 9 kg – obavezno u sedištu okrenutom unazad* Children 9 kg – mandatory use of backwards positioned seat* *Ministry of transportation, Ontario, 2014 Ukoliko je ispunjen jedan od uslova: uzrast 8 godina, masa 36 kg, visina 1,45 m, dete može koristiti samo pojas* If one of conditions is met: age of 8 years, weight of 36 kg, height 1,45 m, child can use only seatbelt* *Ministry of transportation, Ontario, 2014 Minimalni uslov za sedišta okrenuta unapred – masa od 9 – 18 kg* Minimal condition for forward facing seats – weight from 9 to 18 kg* *Ministry of transportation, Ontario, 2014

ZNAČAJ UZRASTA, VISINE I MASE DECE / IMPORTANCE OF CHILD AGE, HEIGHT AND WEIGHT Povrede abdominalnog dela, pojas nije u visini karlice deteta*. Dete ’klizi’ na sedištu i zauzima nepravilan položaj Height – booster seats till reaching height of 1,45 m and weight of 36 kg*, or till 8 years of age or height of 1,45 m** *Durbin et al., 2003 at St. Louis et al., 2008 **Reed et al., 2009 Visina – primena buster sedišta do visine od 1,45 m i težine 36 kg*, odnosno do uzrasta od 8 godina ili visine od 1,45 m** Height – booster seats till reaching height of 1,45 m and weight of 36 kg*, or till 8 years of age or height of 1,45 m** *National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2001 at Will, 2005 **National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2004 at St. Louis et al., 2008 Visina – buster sedišta od 4 godine do dostizanja potrebne visine za korišćenje pojasa – obično stariji od 8 do 9 godina* Height – booster seats from 4 years of age till reaching appropriate height for seatbelt usage – usually from 8-9 years* *Winston and Durbin, 1999 at Snowdon et al., 2008 Uzrast – mala deca, glava 1/3 mase, deformabilne kosti, povrede vrata, kičme, sedišta okrenuta unazad do 3-4 godine* Age – little children, head 1/3 of mass, deformable bones, neck, spine injuries, backwars facing seats until 3-4 years of age* *Jakobsson et al

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROTECTIVE SYSTEM USAGE FOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS OF AGE, IN SERBIA, FOR THE YEARS OF 2013. AND 2014.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROTECTIVE SYSTEM USAGE FOR CHILDREN IN SERBIA AND ABROAD

Zaključak / Conclusion visoka efikasnost sistema zaštite za decu u vozilima / high effect of protection systems for children in vehicles; faktori: uzrast, visina i masa / factors: children’s age, height and weight;

Zaključak / Conclusion procenat pravilne upotrebe sistema zaštite za decu u Srbiji / percentage of proper usage of protective systems for children in Serbia; dalji pravci delovanja / further courses of action

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