Chemistry 1 Notes # 8 Light and Quantized Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Chemistry 1 Notes # 8 Light and Quantized Energy Use interactive Chalkboard disc #1 Last Updated December 4, 2018

Development of Atomic Model continued from previous notes To physicists, Rutherfords model did not explain how an atoms e- are arranged in the space around the nucleus and also did not account for differences in chemical behavior.

Early 1900s Observation of light when elements were heated were observed. Analysis of light revealed an elements chemical behavior is related to the arrangement of e- in its atoms

Electromagnetic Radiation Form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space Includes visible light which is only a small portion of EMR (Visible Spectrum – ROY G BIV)

Electromagnetic Spectrum Chart

Wavelength Lambda λ Shortest distance between equivalent points (Peak to Peak) Units = m, cm, nm nm=nanometers (10-9)

ν is Greek for nu Frequency (ν) # of waves that pass a given point per second= Hz or 1/sec 652 Hz=652 waves/sec=652/sec=652s-1

Amplitude=wave’s height Speed of light =3.00x 108 m/s in a vacuum Symbol is c Speed of light is a product of λ and ν c = λν All light travels at the same speed but with different wavelength and frequency

Speed of light Wavelength (m) Frequency (1/s or Hz)

Electromagnetic Spectrum= classifies light based on ν and λ ROY G BIV Quantum= the minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom

Max Planck studied light emitted from heated objects, Proposed emitted light is quantized Equantum= energy h= Planck’s constant= 6.626 x 10-34 J.s J= Joules = Kg .m2/s2

ν= frequency Equantum = hν Planck’s Theory= for a given frequency matter can emit or absorb energy only in whole # multiples ( 1hν, 2hν, 3hν, 4hν)

Photoelectric Effect = e- called photo electrons are emitted from metals surface when light of a certain frequency shines on surface

Einstein 1905- proposed EMR has both wavelike and particle like behaviors Light can be thought of as a stream of tiny particles called photons Photons have no mass with quantum of energy

Einstein developed

Atomic Emission Spectra= set of ν of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of an element