Chapter 13- Social Emotional Development of the Toddler Subtitle

Self Awareness Self-awareness emerges as a separate, possessing self (Concerned about me and mine) and as a drive for independence. Toddlers become aware of how they look, what belongs to them and what they can and cannot do. They realize they can either be hurt or be praised by the people they love. Toddlers are aware that they can affect others, too.

Achieving Autonomy Autonomy: Form of self-control in which a toddler seeks to do his or her own will. Erikson feels that caregivers should recognize toddlers’ desire to be more independent and allow them to do what they can at their own pace. They do not understand possible results of some of their actions, therefore toddlers often become defiant in response. For Parent: Calm controls are helpful and not damaging to the toddler.

Promoting a Toddler’s Autonomy First choices offered should be simple, such as indoor play versus outdoor play. Before offering a choice, caregivers must be sure they can stand by either option chosen. If they fail to honor the child’s choice or try to talk him or her out of it, this can be damaging. Adults may find it hard to help toddler’s achieve autonomy while keeping them safe and preventing conflicts. Parents should firmly reassure the toddler, stay calm when needing to confront the child and must assure the child that they love him/her. Brainstorm: Make a list of specific ways adults may help toddlers gain a feeling of autonomy.

Getting Along with other Children They often imitate each other’s actions with a toy. Toddlers are possessive of their toys and belongings when they play. Toddlers are not quite ready to share all the time. However… Toddlers are not as self-centered as experts once thought. Thy may return a snatched toy or praise other children, or show concern for someone who is hurt.

Self-Esteem With the help of caring adults, children develop good feelings about themselves. Toddlers must feel loved, even when they are difficult or make mistakes. When they feel good about themselves, they admire themselves and their growing control over their bodies. Toddlers become more aware of their bodies and what their bodies can do.

Emotions Toddlers react to more stimuli than infants. Toddlers can better sense emotions in others (ex: they can detect fear in adults, they imitate emotional responses). Motor skills allow for more physical responses (hit when angry, hide when scared). Toddler’s abilities to imagine increase the number of negative emotions.

Affection The attachment to their caregivers helps other aspects of social-emotional development. This love extends to non-caregiving adults, children and pets. To Consider: Why do you think that children who have had loving adult care are usually less aggressive than children who have not had loving care from adults?

Fear Fears increase quickly after age two. They know of more objects and situations that can hurt them. They are able to imagine objects and situations that can hurt them. Toddlers tend to act out their fears in play (often through imitation). Adult: do not tease toddlers or push them into scary situations. It is best to keep them from watching too much television. To Consider: Why might it be unwise to discourage a toddler who is pretending to be a monster?

Anger When thwarted in their goal-seeking behaviours, toddlers react with anger. Sudden emotional outburst of anger are called, temper tantrums. Temper tantrums are meant to attract attention, but are not directed at anyone.

Chapter 13 Questions Complete: Reviewing Key Concepts (1-12) Thinking Further Questions on pg. 331 (1-3)

Agenda- April 29th 1. Complete Chapter 13 Questions- Go over them. 2. Begin Chapter 14: In Class Menu Assignment

Answers: Reviewing Key Concepts Part 1 1. False 2. True 3. True 4. A-Autonomy often happens during routines B-Autonomy often involves trying to work beyond the ability level. 5. Refer to 14-4 6. False

Answers: Reviewing Key Concepts 8. does 9. Physical 10. Toddlers react to a wider range of stimuli. They can better read emotions in others. They have a wider range of responses to feelings. Their abilities to think, and thus imagine, increase the number of emotions that are difficult to handle. 11. Imagined creatures, animals, darkness, nightmares, bad people, injury, gestures or noises made to frighten toddlers. 12. Adults should stay calm and not give too much attention to the tantrum. After the tantrum, adults should be loving and reassuring to the toddler.

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