Tourmaline general formula

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Back to silicate structures: nesosilicates inosilicates tectosilicates phyllosilicates cyclosilictaes sorosilicates.

Advertisements

ENTRY QUIZ LecturePLUS Timberlake1 1.How many elements do you know? 2.What are they? 3.Which of them are inert gases? 4.Which are metals? 5.Which are metalloids?

Disilicates and Ring Silicates

Back to silicate structures:

Tourmaline EOSC 220 – November 23, Trigonal – Ditrigonal Pyramidal Table 2. Additional hypothetical tourmaline end member species inferred from.

Lecture 4 (9/18/2006) Crystal Chemistry Part 3: Coordination of Ions Pauling’s Rules Crystal Structures.

Muscovite By Tiffany Yesavage. muscovite Muscovite is a dioctahedral mica. Only two octahedra are occupied and the third octahedron is vacant. However,

Lo straordinario incremento di nuovi minerali della tormalina negli ultimi tre anni F ERDINANDO B OSI Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza Università.

Solids Ch.13. Solids Fixed, immobile (so to speak) Fixed, immobile (so to speak) Symmetry Symmetry Crystals Crystals So what’s the inner order? So what’s.

In order to learn chemistry we need to learn to talk chemistry. Lots of words have vague meaning in “real life” but mean specific things in chemistry.

Ionic Coordination and Silicate Structures Lecture 4.

Bridging oxygen Apical oxygen Non-bridging oxygen.

Chapter 2 Inorganic Solids in Soil continued.

Lecture 20 (12/06/2006) Systematic Description of Minerals Part 4: Silicates II: Cyclosilicates, Inosilicates, Phyllosilicates and Tectosilicates.

______ is a representative element Ti Mo 3.

Mineral or Rock??? A mineral can be defined as a naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses an orderly internal structure and a definite chemical.

Chapter 3: Structures of Metals & Ceramics

The name of biotite comes from the French physicist J. B. Biot

The Schrödinger Model and the Periodic Table. Elementnℓms H He Li Be B C N O F Ne.

Number your paper Write down the correct letter or letter combination that goes with the element. Make sure your upper and lower case letters are.

CHEMISTRY 161 Chapter 2. proton, p × kg × C +1 electron, e × kg × C -1 neutron, n

Chemistry the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

Titanite (Sphene) By Dominic Papineau and Tiffany Yesavage CaTiO(SiO 4 ) Titanite refers to titanium which was named after the Titans, the mythical first.

Orthosilicates Isolated tetrahedron Isolated tetrahedron Common examples Common examples Olivine, garnet, and zircon Olivine, garnet, and zircon Al 2 SiO.

Reactions of Aluminosilcates

Monday 11/9 Day 2 Science Starters Sheet 1. Please have these Items on your desk. Agenda 2- Fill out your Agenda. 1.What is the difference between a group.

GAME TIME!.  You have one minute to discuss with group members.  No notes, besides the periodic table.  After the one minute, one group member writes.

CHEMISTRY TEST 2/28 WHICH DOES NOT BELONG?. A. Na B. He C. Ca D. Al.

§2.4 Crystal Structure and Complex Lattice

What are the names of these elements? C O Na Li Fe Mg Pb Ca F Xe Ti K Ba B Si P Cl Be.

  Review Chemical Reactions Atoms and the Periodic Table Matter Bonding and compounds FJ Chemistry.

Remember me? I am Joe. I am here to help you learn about elements. So lets get started.

Silicate Clays.

Relative energy levels of electrons in gaseous atoms of the first twenty elements Increasing energy s p d f 1s Electronic Structure Energy levels within.

Reactions of Metals. Reactions of Metals with H 2 O The metal is the anode and will be oxidized. 2H 2 O + 2e-  2OH - + H 2 E° = V Mg  Mg 2+ +

A Creative Chemistry PowerPoint Presentation By Nigel Saunders Copyright © 2003 Nigel Saunders, all rights reserved Permission is granted for personal.

Biochemistry Why do we need to know chemistry in biology? All life functions are driven by chemical reactions.

Topic: Families of Elements PSSA: A/S8.C.1.1.

Bonding and Substitution Today’s topic: Ionization potentials, electronegativity, and bonding character.

Electronegativity What is it? Electronegativity is the power of an atom to attract electron density Remember the definition … … look for where you get.

Chemistry for Engineers Pop-up Quiz Name____________________

What is the difference between a group and a

Inosilicates (chain) Common Fe/Mg – bearing silicates

Mineral Chemistry.

Current atomic model We don´t talk about orbits, we talk about orbitals: regions of space where the probability of finding an electron is very high. Each.

Semester Exam Review Game

Metals - Bonding and Crystal Structure

Metals - Bonding and Crystal Structure

آزمایشگاه فارماکولوژی و سم شناسی

Pectolite and Serandite

Melilite Group X2YZ2O7 By Oliver Boyd.

What is the periodic table ? What

Chemistry of glaze.

Melilite Group X2YZ2O7.

Ch 6 Covalent Compounds What determines whether two atoms will form a bond? How can a hydrogen atom, which has one valence electron, bond with chlorine,

Pamela Aaron, Dr. Charles Shearer, and Paul Burger

The Aluminosilicate Group:

Minerals with isolated [SiO4]4- tetrahedra

Lesson 4 LT: I can identify an element based on its electron configuration.

Earth Chemistry Chapter 8.

Electronic Structure Work through this tutorial in sequence, or go directly to the section required using the links below. Use the ‘home’ button (to.

Chemical Bonds What holds a compound together?

Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements

Cyclosilicates Minerals with rings of tetrahedra T : O ratio = 1 : 3

Coordination Polyhedra

Living things consist of atoms of different elements.

Presentation transcript:

Tourmaline general formula XY3Z6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)3(OH,F) X = Na, Ca, K Y = Mg, Fe, Mn, Li, Cr+3, V+3, Ti, Al Z = Al, Mg, Fe, V+3, Cr+3

Tourmaline

Elbaite Na(Li,Al)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Dravite NaMg3(Al,Fe)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Schorl NaFe3(Al,Fe)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Uvite Ca(Mg,Fe)3Al5Mg(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Buergerite NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)3F

Some tourmaline end members Elbaite Na(Li,Al)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Dravite NaMg3(Al,Fe)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Schorl NaFe3(Al,Fe)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Uvite Ca(Mg,Fe)3Al5Mg(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Buergerite NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)3F Foitite Na(Fe,Al)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Liddicoatite Ca(Li,Al)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH,F)4 Rossmanite LiAl3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Feruvite (Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Ti)3(Al,Fe)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Chromdravite NaMg3Cr6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Olenite NaAl3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4 Povondraite NaFe3Fe6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Physical properties of tourmaline Density (g/cm3) 3.0 (elbaite) - 3.2 (schorl) Hardness 7 - 7.5 Refractive indices 1.62, 1.68 (elbaite) Birefringence 0.014 - 0.032 Piezoelectric and pyroelectric Often displays color zoning

Unit cell data for tourmaline Space group R3m a = 15.917 Å c = 7.189 Å V = 455.33 Å3 a = 90° g = 120° Z = 3

Atomic positional parameters of tourmaline X 0 0 .8408 Y .06148 .93852 .4269 Z .26126 .29749 .4534 Si .18986 .19175 .0640 B .8904 .1096 .6113 H .1264 .8736 .6876 O1 0 0 .2929 O2 .93958 .06042 .5795 O3 .13052 .86948 .5538 O4 .90697 .09303 -.0087 O5 .09146 .90854 -.0292 O6 .18417 .19430 .2874 O7 .28499 .28554 -.0137 O8 .26962 .20899 .6249

Tourmaline: looking down (001)

Tourmaline: looking down (001)

Solid solution between tourmaline end members

Chemistry of tourmaline From Dyar et al. B: 2.86 - 3.26 pfu Li: 0.0 - 1.44 pfu F: 0.0 - 0.91 pfu H: 0.0 - 3.76 pfu Si: 5.6 - 6.19 pfu Fe+3/Total Fe: 0.0 - 1.0 Fe+2 occupies 3 different Y sites. Fe+2 and Fe+3 can be in both Y and Z octahedral sites. There may also be a small amount of [4]Fe+3

Tourmaline structure is flexible From Foit et al. Tetrahedral bond angles inversely proportional to alkali-O bond length Distortion of silica ring (ditrigonality) inversely proportional to 9b octahedron angle variance Unit cell dimensions increase as 9b and 18c octahedra dimensions increase

Uses of tourmaline Gemstones Electronics (pyroelectric and piezoelectric)