11th ICCPA, Berkeley, CA, USA Profiles of Biomass Burning Markers in Amazonian PM10 Aerosols from Porto Velho, Brazil Magda Claeys, Reinhilde Vermeylen, Shabnam Behrouzi, Mohammad S. Shalamzari, Joel Brito, Paulo Artaxo, Willy Maenhaut 11th ICCPA, Berkeley, CA, USA 10 – 13 August 2015

Objectives Chemical characterization of biomass burning (BB) aerosol in a region of the Amazon that is heavily impacted by BB in the dry season

Methodology Aerosol samples PM10 collected during the dry and wet season of 2012; 10 selected samples of each period Measurements organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) thermal-optical method [Birch and Cary, 1996] anhydrosugars (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan), primary organic aerosol constituents, formed by pyrolysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with prior trimethylsilylation [Pashynska et al., 2002] nitro-aromatic compounds, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products, formed from m-cresol emitted during the fires liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with negative ion electrospray ionization [LC/(-)ESI-MS] [Kahnt et al., 2013]

Sample workup for nitro-aromatic SOA compounds

LC/(–)ESI-MS analysis Kahnt et al., Atmos. Environ., 2013

Results Time series for the analytes in the dry and wet periods Correlation of the concentrations of the targeted analytes with those of OC, EC, and a primary BB marker compound (levoglucosan) for the dry period Summary data for concentrations of analytes in the dry and wet periods Comparison of the tracer profiles for Amazonian BB aerosols with those obtained for other aerosols impacted by BB

Time series for selected analytes in the dry period A correlation could be found between the concentrations of levoglucosan and those of 4NC, MNCs, and DMNCs

Time series for selected analytes in the wet period A correlation could be found between the concentrations of levoglucosan and those of 4NC, MNCs, and DMNCs

Correlation analysis for data from the dry season OC EC L 4NC MNC1 MNC2 MNC3 DMNC1+2 DMNC3 0.49 R > 0.70 0.34 0.73 R > 0.50 0.85 0.70 0.61 0.66 0.76 0.82 0.93 0.44 0.75 0.86 0.81 0.96 0.50 0.80 0.87 0.84 0.97 0.99 0.41 0.91 0.77 0.94 0.33 0.74 0.68 0.89 0.95 0.98

Results Time series for the analytes in the dry and wet periods Correlation of the concentrations of the targeted analytes with those of OC, EC, and a primary BB marker compound (levoglucosan) for the dry period Summary data for concentrations of analytes in the dry and wet periods Comparison of the tracer profiles for Amazonian BB aerosols with those obtained for other aerosols impacted by BB

Summary data for the dry period Species Dry period (N = 10) Conc., ng/m3 (*μg/m3) Mean % OC mean median range   OC* 16.8 16.5 12.7 – 25.0 n/a EC* 1.18 0.63 – 1.82 EC/TC 0.066 0.067 0.041 – 0.096 levoglucosan 1730 1500 770 – 3800 4.6 mannosan 64 56 30 – 110 0.167 galactosan 14.5 9.5 3.7 – 46 0.039 L/M 27.0 26.8 20.1 – 36 Σ anhydrosugars 1810 1570 26.8 – 192 4.8 4NP 0.26 0.27 0.09 – 0.43 0.001 4NC 78 74 18.3 – 143 0.208 Σ MNCs 122 110 23.1 – 232 0.33 Σ DMNCs 104 92 19.2 – 291 0.293 Σ NACs 300 276 61 – 670 0.83

Summary data for the dry period wet period Mean % OC Species Dry period (N = 10) Conc., ng/m3 (*μg/m3) Mean % OC mean median   OC* 16.8 16.5 n/a EC* 1.18 EC/TC 0.066 0.067 levoglucosan 1730 1500 4.6 mannosan 64 56 0.167 galactosan 14.5 9.5 0.039 L/M 27.0 26.8 Σ anhydrosugars 1810 1570 4.8 4NP 0.26 0.27 0.001 4NC 78 74 0.208 Σ MNCs 122 110 0.33 Σ DMNCs 104 92 0.293 Σ NACs 300 276 0.83 0.75 0.043

Comparison with a European site (Ljubljana, Slovenia) impacted by biomass burning during winter Species   Porto Velho dry period (N = 10) Ljubljana 2011 winter (N = 15) ng/m3 (*μg/m3) mean %OC ng/m3 (*μg/m3) mean %OC mean OC* 16.8 19.4 EC* 1.18 1.91 EC/TC 0.066 0.103 levoglucosan 1730 4.6 1820 4.2 mannosan 64 0.167 145 0.33 L/M 27 12.2 4NP 0.26 0.001 1.77 0.005 4NC 78 0.208 76 0.183 Σ MNCs 122 70 0.184

Conclusions The anhydrosugars (levoglucosan + isomers) and the nitro-aromatic markers constitute a significant fraction of the OC in Amazonian dry season PM10, namely, 4.8% and 0.83%y The correlation analysis revealed several high inter-correlations The Amazonian dry season PM10 compared quite favorably with Slovenian winter PM10 with respect to the concentrations of OC, nitro- aromatic compounds, and levoglucosan

Thank you Financial support