KEY CONCEPT Animal-like protists are single-celled heterotrophs that can move. Also called protozoa

Animal-like protists move in various ways. Animal-like protists are often called protozoa. macronucleus food vacuole oral groove micronucleus contractile vacuole cilia

Macronucleus – the “brain”; controls cell activities Micronucleus – has the chromosomes; controls reproduction Contractile vacuole – expels extra water; works like a “sump pump” Oral groove – “mouth”

Protozoa with flagella are zooflagellates. flagella help zooflagellates swim May have 1 or more flagella more than 2000 zooflagellates

Some protists move with pseudopods. change shape as they move Use pseudopodia for moving and feeding amoebas

Some protists move with pseudopods. change shape as they move amoebas foraminifera

Some protozoa move with cilia. also called ciliates cilia help protists swim and capture food more than 8000 ciliates Ex: Paramecium macronucleus food vacuole oral groove micronucleus contractile vacuole cilia

Some animal-like protists cause disease. Protists cause some well-known infectious diseases. sporozoites human liver liver cells developed parasites red blood cells Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and spread by mosquitoes. (Anopheles) Sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma and spread by Tsetse flies. Giardiasis is caused by Giardia and spread through water. Malaria Infection http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/monsters-inside-me/videos/malaria-parasite/

Genetic relationship to malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia AA – normal red blood cells, no malaria resistance, may die Aa – some Sickle cell symptoms, resistance to malaria, so live aa – have Sickle Cell Anemia, may die, have resistance to malaria ( but so what? Die anyway)