November 14, 2018 U.S. History Agenda: DO NOW: Multiple Choice Review DOCUMENT ANALYSIS: Slavery-Related Causes of Sectional Conflict NOTES #21: What conflicts between the North and the South caused Civil War?

1. Two slaves, Cassy and Emmeline, are hiding from their cruel master, Simon Legree. Simon threatens to beat Tom if he will not tell where Cassy and Emmeline are hiding. Tom, a Christian who has always been a loyal, hard-working slave, refuses and Simon swears that he'll beat Tom or kill him: "Tom looked up to his master, and answered, "Mas'r, if you was sick, or in trouble, or dying, and I could save ye, I'd give ye my heart's blood; and, if taking every drop of blood in this poor old body would save your precious soul, I'd give 'em freely, as the Lord gave his for me. O, Mas'r! don't bring this great sin on your soul! It will hurt you more than 't will me! . . . " . . . Legree stood (shocked), and looked at Tom . . . It was but a moment. There was one hesitating pause . . . and the spirit of evil came back . . . and Legree, foaming with rage, (beat Tom) to the ground. – from Uncle Tom’s Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852)

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Election of 1860

What conflicts between the North and the South caused the Civil War? Notes #21

By the mid-1800s, a major issue dividing the North and the South of the U.S. was the status of slavery in the western territories. Bleeding Kansas; a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act

During this time, abolitionists (such as Frederick Douglass or Harriet Tubman) worked to oppose the practice of slavery, which angered the South. Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman

In the 1840s, a slave named Dred Scott argued that he was legally free because he had moved to a free state with his owner. Scott’s new home (Illinois) X  X  (Missouri) Scott’s old home

Chief Justice Roger Taney The Supreme Court ruled against Scott in the 1857 case Dred Scott v. Sandford, . . . Chief Justice Roger Taney (1836–1864)

. . . deciding that slaves were property and Congress could not deprive people of their property, which angered the North. According to Dred Scott v. Sandford, the Missouri Compromise line was unconstitutional 

In 1859, abolitionist John Brown led a failed slave revolt at Harper’s Ferry and became a hero in the North, which angered the South.

Lincoln wins with less than 40% of popular vote The election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860 caused the secession of the Southern states from the Union (U.S.) and the start of the Civil War between the North and the South. Lincoln wins with less than 40% of popular vote