The American Revolution PATRIOTS VS LOYALISTS

Warm Up

The Battles of Lexington and Concord Massachusetts in April 19, 1775 The Redcoats, led by General Thomas Gage, ordered the soldiers to Concord to destroy colonists’ weapons Minutemen (Colonists ready to fight in a minutes notice) tried to stop the Redcoats at Lexington – 8 were killed. LEXINGTON

CONCORD By the time the British got to Concord, they realized most of the weapons and gun powder were gone because the minutemen had been warned by Paul Revere. The British continued to Concord and were forced to retreat back to Boston by the Minutemen. On their way back, the American militia ambushed the British from cover and killed 73 Redcoats. This is known as Geurrilla Warfare Lexington and Concord started the American Revolution and was known as “the shot heard around the world”

Guerrilla Warfare

Lexington and Concord Significance: 1st Major battles of the American Revolution & known as “Shot heard round the world” Fact: April 19, 1775 in Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts Outcome: The Revolution has officially started!

Lexington and Concord are 20 miles from Boston, Massachusetts Geography

Concord Hymn

Second Continental Congress Met in May of 1775 after the Battles of Lexington and Concord. They created the Continental Army Appointed George Washington as Commander of the Continental Army on June 19, 1775 Second Continental Congress

The Battle of Bunker Hill

Battle at Bunker Hill - June 17, 1775 Significance: 1st battle for the Continental Army. British realized America would not easily be defeated Fact: Actually fought on Breed’s Hill Fact: Because the Americans were low on ammunition, they were told by Col. Prescott, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes.“ Outcome: British won, but lost 1,000 men. The Continental army realized that they needed better training. Battle at Bunker Hill - June 17, 1775

Breed’s Hill is 1.3 miles from Boston, Massachusetts Geography

July 4, 1776 – The Declaration of Independence was adopted by Congress!

Washington Crosses the Delaware

Washington Crosses the Delaware December 25, 1776 11PM: Washington and 5,400 troops start to cross the Delaware River. 9:30AM on December 26th: Washington’s troops surround The Hessians at Trenton, New York Significance: Washington captures nearly 1,000 Hessians (German soldiers hired by KG III). Only 4 American soldiers die. Fact: George Washington lost many battles leading up to this moment. Outcome: Gives the Patriots a boost in confidence and tells the American people that the Continental Army is stronger! Washington Crosses the Delaware

Trenton, New Jersey Crossed from Pennsylvania to New Jersey Geography

Battle of Saratoga TURNING POINT OF THE WAR!!! Before reaching Albany, NY British General Burgoyne was surrounded by the American army and running out of supplies.

Battle of Saratoga He surrendered to the Americans.

Battle of Saratoga SIGNIFICANCE: Turning Point of the War!! Fact: Marquis de Lafayette - Helped the U.S. and fought in many battles Outcome: The French decide to officially help the Patriots (Americans) fight the war . Fact: Benjamin Franklin helped persuade the French to help while he was over in France

Saratoga, New York Located on the Hudson River in New York Geography

Winter at Valley Forge – Dec. 19, 1777 To inspire the troops to keep fighting, Washington reads Thomas Paine’s “The American Crisis”. Cold, harsh winter Lacked food and supplies The Crisis inspires Washington’s troops! Winter at Valley Forge – Dec. 19, 1777

Thomas Paine – “The American Crisis”

Valley Forge, Pennsylvania Geography

Articles of Confederation – March 2, 1781 1st Constitution for the United States of America The states needed to set up government – we are independent now! Most of the power in the “Articles” were given to the state governments and not the federal government. Articles of Confederation – March 2, 1781

American and French armies and ships trapped the British army. Battle of Yorktown American and French armies and ships trapped the British army.

Battle of Yorktown British General Cornwallis surrendered to the Americans.

Battle of Yorktown – Oct. 19, 1781 Significance: Cornwallis (British General) surrenders and it effectively ends the war. Fact: French Navy aided the U.S. in this defeat Outcome: Convinces Great Britain to negotiate with the Colonists to end the Revolution Battle of Yorktown – Oct. 19, 1781

Geography Yorktown, Virginia Located on the coast of the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia. Geography

British decided to negotiate – not worth it to keep fighting. TREATY OF PARIS 1783 British decided to negotiate – not worth it to keep fighting.

TREATY OF PARIS 1783 BRITISH TERMS: Recognized U.S. as independent nation. Gave U.S. territory between Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi River. Promised to withdraw their troops from U.S. AMERICAN TERMS: British merchants could collect debts owed by Americans. States would return property taken from Loyalists.

Free Enterprise was the new way of buying and selling (economics) that the colonists use. This will replace Mercantilism. With the end of the monarchy the colonists implemented the Republican form of Goevernment.

Discussion Which battle was called “Shot heard around the world?” Why? Which country aided the colonists in the war? Who helped persuade this country to aid the U.S.? Would our country look differently if the French didn’t help? How? Why? Discussion