It’s All in Your Mind – Brain Anatomy Master Watermark Image: http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

Major Parts of the Brain a) Forebrain - cerebral cortex - limbic system b) Midbrain c) Hindbrain - pons - medulla - cerebellum

The Forebrain When you look at the brain, what you are actually seeing is almost all forebrain Contains the largest part of the brain known as the cerebrum has right and left sides that are called hemispheres the hemispheres are connected by a wide band of fibers called the corpus callosum The corpus callosum is white matter, not grey matter

Cerebral Cortex – the outermost layer of the brain If you were to unfold it all, it would be about 2 metres square The cortex controls perception, memory, and all higher cognitive functions, including the ability to concentrate, reason and think in abstract form.

Lobes of the Brain (4) Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg * Note: Occasionally, the Insula is considered the fifth lobe. It is located deep to the Temporal Lobe.

Lobes of the Brain - Frontal is located under your forehead Takes up 1/3 of the brain It plays an integral role in the following functions/actions : involved with personality, emotions, and motor behaviors - Memory Formation - Manages Emotions - Decision Making/Reasoning FRONTAL LBE - Personality - Personality Formation Focuses Attention Investigation (Phineas Gage) - Self-Analysis Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

Damage to the Frontal lobe One of the most common effects of frontal damage can be a dramatic change in social behavior - A person's personality can undergo significant changes after an injury to the frontal lobes, especially when both lobes are involved. Phineas Gage is an example!

Phineas Gage – Hank Greene https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrULrWRlGBA

Frontal

Lobes of the Brain - Parietal Lobe Is found on the top of your head It plays a major role in the following functions/actions: - Senses and integrates sensation(s) PARIETAL LOBE Spatial awareness and perception Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

Damage to the Parietal lobe If damage is sustained to the parietal lobe, a person would most likely have difficulty reading, recognizing people and objects, and having a comprehensive awareness of his or her own body and limbs and their positioning in space.

Lobes of the Brain – Occipital Lobe It is found at the back of your head It plays a major role in the following functions/actions: Its primary function is the processing, integration, interpretation, etc. of VISION and visual stimuli Damage to this area can result in vision problems or hallucinations. OCCIPITAL LOBE Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/imge/1/1-8.tif.jpg

Lobes of the Brain – Temporal Lobe They play an integral role in the following functions: Lobes of the Brain – Temporal Lobe The Temporal Lobes are located on the sides of the brain above your ears They play an integral role in the following functions Hearing Organization/Comprehension of language Information Retrieval (Memory and Memory Formation) TEMPORAL LOBE Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

Damage to the Temporal lobe Can result in: Problems with sensation and perception Visual issues Language comprehension problems Impaired long term memory Altered personality Altered sexual behaviour