Natural Optics KM Geise Ampère’s Law.

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Presentation transcript:

Natural Optics KM Geise Ampère’s Law

Ampère’s Law Maxwell’s Equations

Ampère’s Law Maxwell’s Equations

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law (Maxwell’s version)

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law (Ampère’s version)

Ampère’s Law… according to Ampère The path integral of the magnetic field is equal to μ0 times the current passing through the region enclosed by the path.

Ampère’s Law… according to Ampère The path integral of the magnetic field is equal to μ0 times the current passing through the region enclosed by the path. The path need not be a circle.

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law On the left side, B of circulation On the right side, μ0I

Mr. Ampere’s magical, mystical wonderful law On the left side, B of circulation On the right side, μ0I Ampere’s law did not adequately describe physical phenomena such as a charging capacitor. Maxwell developed a nifty solution to the problem. Ampere’s Law (as adjusted by Maxwell) is the longest and strangest of all (of Maxwell’s equations).

How Maxwell Fixed Ampère’s Law Maxwell added a displacement current to Ampère’s Law The displacement current tells us that a changing electric field induces a magnetic field. It is possible for a self-sustaining electromagnetic wave to propagate through a vacuum. The wave moves at a particular speed. Can you guess the speed?

The speed of light Maxwell derived the speed at which an electromagnetic wave would propagate in a vacuum Compared it against the known speed of light And deduced that light must be an electromagnetic wave. http://www.monos.leidenuniv.nl/smo/index.html?basics/light_anim.htm

Credits Ampere’s Law song: http://www.haverford.edu/physics-astro/songs/ampere.htm Floating frog: The cover photo is an overhead view of a frog being levitated in a magnetic field. The upward magnetic force balances the downward force of gravity. The frog is diamagnetic. In essence, water can levitate. See HRW for more: Fundamentals of Physics, Part 3, Sixth Edition, pages 744. 752-753. Or, http://www.hfml.ru.nl/whyfrogs.html Click picture for movie