Kinds of memory in human and machine

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Presentation transcript:

Kinds of memory in human and machine Biomedical Informatics

Kinds of memory in human 3 1 Time Based Data Type 2 Temporal Direction 3 Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Time Based در اين گروه حافظه را مي‌توان به 3 دسته تقسيم نمود 3 1 حافظه احساسي:اطلاعات بدست آمده از محيط در حافظه احساسي و گذرا نگهداري شده و در صورتي كه مورد نياز نباشد ، از بين مي‌رود حافظه كوتاه مدت: ظرفيت كمي براي نگهداري اطلاعات داشته و ميزان آن به اندازه تعداد آيتمهائي است كه يك فرد ميتواند بسرعت تكرار كند ( آيتم ) حافظه بلند مدت: داراي ظرفيت نامحدود بوده ليكن اين امر به اين معنا نيست كه هيچ اطلاعاتي فراموش نشود . اين حافظه قادر است توالي زماني و مكاني را بصورت چكيده نگهداري نمايد Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

در اين گروه حافظه را مي‌توان به 4 دسته تقسيم نمود 3 2 Data Type در اين گروه حافظه را مي‌توان به 4 دسته تقسيم نمود Semantic Memory حافظه معنائي امكان رمز نمودن علوم انتزاعي از دنيا را امكان‌پذير مي‌سازد . " تهران پايتخت ايران است " . Episodic Memory براي ذخيره اطلاعات خصوصي تري بكار مي‌رود . اطلاعاتي كه مربوط به عوامل حسي ، هيجاني و معاشرتهاي شخصي مربوط به زمان يا مكان خاص Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

3 2 Data Type Visual Memory بخشي از حافظه است كه اطلاعات مربوط به ويژگيهاي حسي وابسته به عوامل و تجربيات ديداري در آن ذخيره مي‌شود . ما قادريم تا اطلاعاتي كه همسان اجسام ، اماكن ، حيوانات و اشخاص مي‌باشند را به ترتيب تصوير ذهني در حافظه ذخيره نمائيم . Autobiographical Memory براي ذخيره اطلاعات مربوط به رويدادهاي شخصي خود فرد كه عموما در حافظه ضمني ، معادل آنها وجود دارد ميباشد Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

3 Temporal Direction حافظه موثر در آينده : گره زدن يك روبان به انگشت نمادي است از ابزاري براي بياد‌آوري موارد خاص Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Kinds of memory in machine 3 1 Volatile Nonvolatile 2 Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Kinds of memory in machine 3 1 Read Only Memory Random Access Memory 2 Read - Write Speed 3 Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Read Only Memory ROM PROM EPROM EEPROM Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Read - Write Memory RAM HDD Virtual Flash Cache Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

RAM Random Access Memory Static Random Access Memory Dynamic Random Access Memory RAM Fast page mode RAM EDO DRAM توضيحات بيشتر بصورت تولتيپ آورده شده است (tooltip) SDRAM RDRAM Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Hard Disk Drive عملکرد يک هارد ديسک مشابه يک نوار کاست بوده و از يک روش يکسان برای ضبط مغناطيسی استفاده می نمايند. هارد ديسک ونوار کاست از امکانات ذخيره سازی مغناطيسی يکسانی نيز استفاده می نمايند . Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Read – Write Speed سرعت خواندن و نوشتن اطلاعات بر روی هارد ديسک بمراتب کندتر از حافظه اصلی کامپيوتر است . در صورتی که سيستم مورد نظر دارای عملياتی حجيم در رابطه با حافظه مجازی باشد ، کارآئی سيستم بشدت تحت تاثير قرار خواهد گرفت Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

REF منابع : http://www.akri.org http://www.webopedia.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki http://kb.iu.edu/index.cgi http://xtronics.com/memory http://www.shabakeh-mag.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/memory_%computers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%E2%80%93computer_interaction Http://BME.AUT.AC.IR

Thank You !