tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 interdependency in primary spermatocytes.

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tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 interdependency in primary spermatocytes. tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 interdependency in primary spermatocytes. (a,b) Confocal images. Scale bar, 5 μm. (a) tBRD-1::mRFP1 nuclear localization is dependent on tBRD-2. In tbrd-2HR1 heterozygous (i), tBRD-1::mRFP1 is localized in nucleolus and chromatin. In tbrd-2HR1 homozygous (ii), the tBRD-1::mRFP1 signal is strongly decreased. (b) tBRD-2::eGFP is dependent on tBRD-1. In tbrd-12 heterozygous (i), tBRD-2::eGFP is localized in nucleolus and chromatin. In tbrd-12 homozygous (ii), tBRD-2::eGFP signal is barely detected. (c) RT-PCR analysis. tbrd-1 and tbrd-2 mRNA levels are not affected in tbrd-2 and tbrd-1 mutant testes, respectively. rp49 transcripts were analysed as a control. RT, reverse transcriptase. (d) A scheme of the expression stage of tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 proteins in Drosophila spermatogenesis. Their expressions were limited in the primary spermatocyte. MI, meiosis I; MII, meiosis II. (e) A cooperation model for tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 proteins. Although tBRD-1 and tBRD-2 are unstable if they are alone, their interaction is required for their stability and the heterodimer functions as a single BRDT-like protein. BD, bromodomain; ET, ET domain; SEED, seed motif. Shuhei Kimura, and Benjamin Loppin Open Biol. 2015;5:140145