Tornadoes Tornadoes 101.

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Presentation transcript:

Tornadoes Tornadoes 101

Tornado Alley Average number of tornadoes per 10,000 square miles by state, 1999-2008

Multivortex Tornadoes

Enhanced Fujita Scale

EF Rating Can Change McConnell AFB Footage

Tornadoes and Thunderstorms Most violent tornadoes come from supercells Updrafts can be 150 mph Horizontal wind with strong velocity sheer causes rotation about horizontal axis Caught by updraft it turns vertical Spinning column of air narrows and picks up speed Initial tornado formation (only 1st minute) Cool downdraft air eventually dissipates tornado Inside a forming tornado

Tornado-Thunderstorm Connection Schematic (side) view of a tornadic supercell thunderstorm Plan (top) view of a tornadic supercell thunderstorm Most mesoclyclonic wall clouds do not produce tornadoes

Monitoring Tornadic Thunderstorms B Hook echo. Tornado vortex signature (TVS). On 3 May 1999, an F-5 tornado devastated Moore, OK.

North Carolina Tornado Outbreak 4/16/2011

Monitoring Tornadic Thunderstorms April 16, 2011, North Carolina tornado outbreak 4:40 pm DST Smithfield Hook echo on base reflectivity image. Four Oaks Tornado vortex signature (TVS) on storm relative image.