SSA Review 4 – Earth’s History

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Presentation transcript:

SSA Review 4 – Earth’s History

How do we know how old the Earth is?

Law of Superposition – in undisturbed horizontal sedimentary rock layers the oldest layer is at the bottom. Each higher layer is younger than the layer below it.

Which layer is the oldest?

Radioactive Dating – measures the amount of decay (HALF LIFES) of radioactive elements in a rock. The more decay, the older the rock.

The oldest rock formation identified on Earth is found on the shoreline of Hudson Bay in Canada. This rock formed approximately 4.28 billion years ago. Which information does a scientist need to most accurately determine the age of a rock? A. The percentage of each mineral that makes up a rock B. The thickness of younger rock layers that cover the rock C. The amount of radioactive element that is present in the rock D. The amount of weathering that has occurred on the surface of the rock.

Uniformitarianism: *The geologic processes that are happening today also happened in the past. Weathering Erosion Plate tectonics

The Rock Cycle *What are the methods that rocks are broken down and moved through the rock cycle?

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Weathering & Erosion Weathering – the process of breaking down earth’s rocks by wind, water, ice, plants, or other physical means. *Sediments Erosion – the process of wind, water, or ice moving sediments from one place to another