NAREEFA N. BACCHUS GRADE 8 SCIENCE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM NAREEFA N. BACCHUS GRADE 8 SCIENCE

General Process of the Endocrine System. Tissue called Glands glands release hormones into the blood stream hormones act on target cell/ tissues.

FUNCTION OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The Endocrine System controls the body’s daily activities and long term changes. So it controls the way every system in our body works. The endocrine system maintains the homeostasis of the body. Homeostasis is the ability or tendency to maintain internal stability in an organism to compensate for environmental changes.

HOMEOSTAISIS An example of homeostasis is maintaining a body temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. So let’s assume that you were running around like wild coyotes during gym class, and your body temperature increased to 99 degrees. How does the endocrine system fix this, and bring your temperature back to 98.6 degrees? Well the endocrine system would send a hormone signal to your sweat glands to imitate sweating. As you sweat, your skin would become wet or moist. As air touches the sweat, it make you feel a bit cold, and this brings your body temperature down back to normal. (Negative Feedback Mechanism---See slide 8). After your temperature comes back to 98.6 degrees, the endocrine system sends another hormone signal to the sweat glands telling them to stop sweating because your body temperature is back to normal.

HORMONES The endocrine system is made up of glands which PRODUCE and RELEASE hormones. So what are hormones? Hormones are chemical signals that act on specific cell/ tissues/ organs to create the necessary change to keep your body functioning at a constant rate. The hormones are released into the blood stream, and taken to the target cell/tissue/organ, acts on it, and has an effect.

ENDOCRINE GLANDS Some tissues throughout the body are called ENDOCRINE GLANDS which produce hormones. The hormones can speed up or slow down certain cellular processes. Hormones are released directly into the blood stream and taken to the target. The target tissue is usually located in the body, far from the location of that endocrine gland that produced the hormone to which it responds. Hence, it must travel through the blood to get to the target tissue. Gland  Bloodstream  Target tissue.

GLAND FUNCTION The function of the gland is to: 1. Keep the internal environment constant or normal so to speak. 2. Adapt to stressful situations 3. Promote growth and development 4. Ensure coordination of circulation 5. Help with digestion and absorption of food

NEGATIVE-FEEDBACK SYSTEM This helps to maintain homeostasis. When the amount of hormone reaches the right level AND brings your body or system back to normal, then the endocrine gland is signaled by another hormone that tells it to stop making, and releasing any more hormone because the problem has been fixed, and the system is back to normal.

NEGATIVE-FEEDBACK LOOP EXAMPLE: (Pg. 164 of your text). Please draw the image on page 164 and then discuss within your groups how the negative feedback loop works. Recap: the negative feedback loop is the process of stopping a gland from producing or releasing hormones once the system (i.e. your body) comes back to its normal state.

HORMONES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE GLANDS. Adrenaline: released in cases of fright or flight from the adrenal gland located near the kidney. Oxytocin: released when people are happy or in love (whatever that means...lol) Insulin: released from the pancreas when the blood sugar level is high. Testosterone, estrogen, etc. are all sex hormones: they are released to give a person their sexual characteristics. (For example, deep voice, beard, breasts, and wider hips, etc).

dedicated TO hAMZA E! I think this picture encapsulates you perfectly. You’re always smiling but you have an issue when I do it.