Warm-up 2/22: What is Struggle to Survive? Give an Example. Why is struggle to survive key to Natural Selection? Give two examples of Evidence that scientist have to support evolution. (You should have learned some in middle school) EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION Chapter 15-2 Review of 15-3 Unit 8 Part 2: Notes #1

Evolution defined… Evolution of a population is due to environment and the interaction of other species Evolution acts on phenotype, not genotype

Speed Review: Examples of Evolution Convergent evolution: Organisms with very different ancestors become more alike due to a common environment Ex. fish and whales- compare analogous structures

Divergent evolution: populations become more and more dissimilar to adapt to the environment-compare homologous structures Appearance of birds with different sized beaks that are specific for size of bird seed

Adaptive radiation Population undergoes divergent evolution until it fills all areas of the environment

Co-evolution: as one species evolves another does (parasites and hosts)

EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION New Notes Chapter 15-2

Evolution defined… Evolution is a process of gradual modifications Darwin called this descent with modification Evolution of a population is due to environment and the interaction of other species Evolution acts on phenotype, not genotype

Evolution defined… Evolution is a process of gradual modifications Darwin called this descent with modification Evolution of a population is due to environment and the interaction of other species Evolution acts on phenotype, not genotype

Ancestor Organism 1 Organism 2 Many animals and plants shared common ancestors and deviated from that common ancestor overtime Organism 1 Ancestor Organism 2

Phylogenesis – the evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms Phylogenic Tree

Fossils Fossils provide geologic evidence of evolution Fossils in older layers are more primitive than those in the upper layers

Transitional Species: Descent with modification states that newer species are modified versions of older species - Fossil record contains the intermediates

Homework Finish: Making a Super Bug (Due Tuesday) Evidence For Evolution Flipbook Pages #1-#2 Due Wednesday Page #3 Due Thursday Pages #4-5 Due Friday Pages # 6-7 Due Tuesday (3/1)

Homework Finish: Making a Super Bug (Due Tuesday) Evidence For Evolution Packet Paleontology p 1-2: Due Wednesday Vestigial Structures & Homologous Structures p 3-6: Due Thursday Embryology p. 7-12 Due Monday (2/29) Evidence For Evolution Flipbook Pages #1-#2 Due Wednesday Page #3 Due Thursday Pages #4-5 Due Friday Pages # 6-7 Due Tuesday (3/1)

Warm-up 2/18 Class activity: Work on Whales in transition. (You have 15 min.) Mr. E will come and check for correctness so do a good job. If you finish early you can work on you flipbook.

EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION Continued Chapter 15-2

Anatomy Vestigial organs - a group of organs with no particular use now but may have been useful in ancestors (tailbone coccyx or hip bones in whales)

Anatomy cont. Homologous Structures: body parts that are similar in structure may have different functions Indicating at some point way in the past they did the same job and came from a common ancestor

Anatomy cont. Analogous Structures: same functions but different development ex. a butterfly wing and a bat wing Indicates that populations evolved to be better suited to the environment

Biogeography Certain animals in one location share similar traits (I.E. marsupials in Australia)

Embryology Similar likenesses in embryos of organisms is evidence of descent with modification

Biological Molecules DNA  RNA Proteins Similar proteins means similar DNA The longer it’s been since they shared a common ancestor the more differences in protein

Homework Finish: Making a Super Bug (Due Tuesday) Evidence For Evolution Packet Paleontology p 1-2: Due Wednesday Vestigial Structures & Homologous Structures p 3-6: Due Thursday Embryology p. 7-12 Due Monday (2/29) Evidence For Evolution Flipbook Pages #1-#2 Due Wednesday Page #3 Due Thursday Pages #4-5 Due Friday Pages # 6-7 Due Tuesday (3/1)

Classwork/Homework Evidence for Evolution flipbook. Due Friday We will also have a quiz on Friday.