Healing The Wounds of WWII After WWII, many nations struggled to rebuild. Meanwhile, Russia and US fight for supremacy.

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Healing The Wounds of WWII After WWII, many nations struggled to rebuild. Meanwhile, Russia and US fight for supremacy.

What happens to the losers? After WWII Germany Berlin is destroyed New government must start Japan Tokyo is demolished by air raids Loss of war leaves citizens scared

The Occupation of Germany July 1945 Potsdam Conference Meeting held with Big 3 to determine fate of Germany Pres. Truman (US) Churchill (UK) Later replaced by Clement Attlee Stalin (Russia)

The New Germany Big 3 divide Germany into 4 occupation zones. Western Germany Very rich industry controlled by: France US England Eastern Germany Poor rural area with no wealth controlled by: Russia

Problems of Potsdam Conference Berlin (capital of Germany) Part of Eastern Germany (falls under Russia control) Allies want “joint” control of Berlin. Why? Also, USSR wants Germany to pay back reparations to USSR now!!

How to stabilize Germany Destroy Nazi party Re-establish local governments Rebuild German industry Territory Made small enough to keep weak

The Occupation of Japan Problems with rebuilding Japan Economy in shambles Hiroshima and Nagasaki are devastated. Emperor Hirohito still in charge!

How we fix Japan’s issues. General Douglas MacArthur Sent to Japan to run their “new” constitutional monarch. Congress = controlled by McArthur Emperor Hirohito = no power 1945 – 1952 US runs Japans government from

Changes in Japan No military Women have right to vote! Men must go back to communities and get jobs! Women have right to vote! Set up Capitalist economy Got rid of zaibatsu Monopoly corporations owned by 1% of population!

The War Crimes Trials After WWII November, 1945 Allied leaders needed to punish German and Japanese “war criminals” Any military personnel responsible for killing or destroying other countries are punishable by death. November, 1945 Nuremberg, Germany War trials begin for Germans.

Nuremberg Trials Held in Nuremberg Once proud meeting city for Hitler’s Nazis. 12 Nazi leaders put to death for 4 charges Planning the war Committing war crimes Conspiring to commit the crimes Crimes against humanity Holocaust

Trials in Tokyo May 1946 MacArthur sets up International Military Tribunal Conducted trials against Japanese war criminals. Prosecuted 20 Japanese generals and sentenced them to death. Included Hedeki Tojo.