Relationships & Queries in Databases

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Relationships & Queries in Databases Chapter 5 Relationships & Queries in Databases

Types of Relationships One to One Examples? Analysis Technique Consider ThingA and ThingB Can ThingA be related to more than one ThingB? Can ThingB be related to more than one ThingA? If the two answers are NO, then it is a one to one relationship.

Types of Relationships One to Many Examples? Analysis Technique Consider ThingA and ThingB Can ThingA be related to more than one ThingB? Can ThingB be related to more than one ThingA? If the answers are no and yes, or yes and no, then the relationship is one to many.

Types of Relationships Many to Many Examples? Analysis Technique Consider ThingA and ThingB Can ThingA be related to more than one ThingB? Can ThingB be related to more than one ThingA? If the answers are yes and yes, then you have a many to many relationship

Leads to Serious Data Redundancy Hierarchical

Hierarchical

Network

Difficult to manage and implement relationships Network

The most popular structure Relational

Relational Orders Customers Products OID CID PID Quantity CID FName 001 508 199 500,000 002 201 2 003 510 1 Customers CID FName LName Address 508 Eric Breimer ... 509 Andrew Zych 510 Greg Smith Products PID Description Cost 199 Viagra $45.99 200 Tooth Paste $2.58 201 Hair Gel $5.99

Find the name and hire date of the manager working on the sales manual project

Schemas Schema - A description of the database Subschema – describes a subset of the database and which users have access to this subset

Data Definition Language Language Used to describe Schemas and Subschemas Describes relationships between different data Provides a Logical view of the data

Data Dictionary Entry A more detailed description of the data in a database Specifies data types and ranges Assists programmers in understanding the data

Logical vs. Physical Access Paths Database Management Systems concentrate on Physical access to the underlying tables Concurrency control Query’s Creating/deleting tables MIS systems are often software packages that (Logically) interface with a DBMS monthly reports charts automated inquiries

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