Warm Up: In a strand of DNA, which base pairs with cytosine?

The fingerprint that’s inside your body!!!!!! DNA The fingerprint that’s inside your body!!!!!!

DNA

Fun DNA Facts! DNA is too small to see, but under a microscope it looks like a twisted up ladder! DNA stands for: D: Deoxyribose N: Nucleic A: Acid Every living thing has DNA. That means that you have something in common with a zebra, a tree, a mushroom and a beetle!!!!

DNA is made up of steps and rails of a ladder. This is a rail This is a step Green can only go with Red Purple can only go with Yellow

Let’s make our own DNA molecule. (In candy!) Activity # 1 Let’s make our own DNA molecule. (In candy!)

Instructions Materials Two pieces of licorice 6 toothpicks 12 different colored gum drops (4 different colors) The licorice is the DNA “backbone” (or the sides of the ladder) The gum drops connect the two sides of the ladder with a toothpick (think of the gum drops as the two parts of velcro) Remember only certain colors can “stick” together in DNA Red goes with Orange Yellow goes with Green

ANALYSIS QUESTIONS: Draw and color your DNA candy creation. Label each of the six parts. How many gumdrops form each step of the ladder?   What color did your cytosine drop always pair with? Why?  How many total of each of the following did you use in your model? sugar molecules? phosphate molecules? Adenine molecules? Guanine molecules? Thymine molecules? Cytosine molecules? 5. Write ONE sentence that connects each of the following words. DNA gene chromosome cell nucleus traits

Remember: The sugars and phosphates ALTERNATE going up/down the side chains. (our models had to put the sugars inside or outside the chain)

The Last Macromolecule! Nucleic Acids The Last Macromolecule!

Review Warm Up Question A “PRE TEST” Both DNA and RNA contain phosphate contain amino acids are a double helix are inorganic ** No notes because this was a “pre test”

What did the code for DNA look like to you? Why is this code considered “universal?” Get ready to take notes on DNA! (In your book or on paper) DNA is the last macromolecule! What are you expecting to learn about DNA? That’s right! Building blocks & Function! Remember you must take notes for each Q!

Q! What are nucleic acids? Two types: DNA and RNA Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA carry genetic information Q! What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? Nucleotides Made of a sugar (Deoxyribose), phosphate, and nitrogen base

Q! What does a nucleotide look like? Q! What is the code for DNA? There are 4 nitrogen bases for DNA Adenine, Thymine, Guanine & Cytosine The “code” is as follows: Adenine goes with Thymine (A-T) Guanine goes with Cytosine (G-C)

Q! Why does DNA called a “double helix?” Finish This DNA code: A- C- G- T- DNA is double stranded and twists (Like a twisted up ladder). Tape/Staple the DNA Picture in your notes

Label the following picture: 1. (circle thing) 3. (5 pointed shape) 2.

Answer the following: DNA HAS ___ STRANDS. In DNA, A goes with ____ and C goes with ______. Explain why DNA IS a universal code. What are nucleic acids? What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? What are the building blocks of DNA?

Comparing DNA and mRNA DNA vs. RNA Directions: Copy and fill in the chart below using the 5 criteria DNA vs. RNA Location Sugar Structure Nitrogen Bases Function Nucleus Deoxyribose Double helix (2 strands) Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, & Cytosine Contains genes to make proteins Cytoplasm Ribose Single helix (1 strand) Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, & Cytosine Carries genetic message out of the nucleus

Explain what each number is pointing to (1-4). Exit Quiz! Notes away 1. 2. 3. 4. Explain what each number is pointing to (1-4).