Structure & Fxn of Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes MT: Female Reproductive System

Structure of the Ovaries Gonads that are located bilaterally of the uterus (one on each side of uterus) Held in place by ligaments Size: large almonds Homologous to the testes in males

Function of the Ovaries Responsible for oogenesis (creation of ova) Ovulation: release of an ovum each month (only one ovary per month) Secrete female hormones: estrogen and progesterone

Oogenesis

Ovulation

Structure of the Fallopian Tubes 4 inch long tubes that connect from upper part of uterus and bend toward ovaries Contain cilia (hair-like structures) to propel ovum toward uterus Has 3 layers: the mucous layer is continuous with uterus so infections/disease can spread inside easily

Function of the Fallopian Tubes Fingerlike projections sweep up an ovum and transport it toward uterus each month Site of fertilization

Inside a Fallopian Tube

Fallopian Tube

Tubal Ligation “Tubes tied” Cutting of the fallopian tubes to prevent an ovum from traveling toward uterus Method of birth control

Tubal Ligation

Ectopic Pregnancy Implantation occurs outside of the endometrium in the uterus 95% of time in a fallopian tube 5% of time in an ovary Fetus is surgically removed unless spontaneous abortion occurs More common in smokers and women with many sexual partners

Ectopic Pregnancy in a Fallopian Tube