King Arthur: Where History Meets Legend

Legends Hero represents cultural values of the time. Hero doesn’t always win in the end. Ex: King Arthur, Robin Hood. Stories that are based on historical fact – have element of supernatural. Characters are always saints, kings, heroes. Always associated with a specific time or place.

Allusions to King Arthur in Pop Culture

Who was King Arthur? Debate over whether he was a real person So many versions – impossible to know the real Arthur Some works considered historical and some fiction

Where Does History Point? King Arthur was a leader who defended land against invaders. Geoffrey of Monmouth’s version probably most reliable: Arthur as a Celtic fighting the Saxons. History tells us that after the 5th century, the Celts were forced into Scotland by the Saxons. However, other accounts place King Arthur in the 12th century.

Arthurian Legend Verifiable time/place + Romantic Themes Elements of Supernatural or fairytales ________________ Arthurian Legend

3 Classes of Medieval Society Nobility Clergy Commoners

Chivalry – The Code Ideas associated with medieval knighthood Examples Honor Courtly love Bravery Loyalty to King

Class Distinction Age 7-Page Age 14- Squire Age 18-21- Knight Servant in a household Learns weaponry, courtesy, religion, etc. Age 14- Squire Personal aide to a knight Age 18-21- Knight If he can master the skills he is then knighted

Important Symbols – Holy Grail The cup used by Jesus during the last supper. In Arthurian legends, the hero must prove himself worthy to be in its presence

The Round Table Given as part of Guinevere’s dowry & used by Arthur and his knights. Each knight’s name was magically inscribed on the table. Everybody was equal.

Excalibur and the Sword in the Stone The Sword in the Stone is drawn by Arthur as proof of his birthright and of his nobility. Excalibur – given to Arthur by the Lady of the Lake.

Characters: King Arthur Son of Uther Pendragon + Igraine Raised by Sir Ector Drew the sword in the stone Married to Guinevere

Sir Lancelot Greatest of King Arthur’s Knights; best friend One of the most trusted In love with Guinevere (Arthur’s Queen)

Other Characters Uther Pendragon – Arthur’s biological father. Igraine – Arthur’s biological mother Sir Ector - Arthur’s adoptive father Merlin – Arthur’s counselor, prophet, magician Morgan le Fay – Arthur’s half sister; healer & shape-changer

Due tomorrow – Vocab Unit 5