System Interactions 11.2 Essential Question: How Does your Body Work? Introduction to the Human Body Ms. De Los Rios 6h Grade System Interactions 11.2 Essential Question: How Does your Body Work? How Do you Move? Which Systems Move Materials in Your Body? Which Systems Control Body Functions? pgs. 410-417

Vocabulary 11.2 Skeleton/ skeletal system= all the bones in your body Skeletal Muscle= attached to bones of skeleton and they provide the force that moves your moves. Joint= a place in your body where two bones join. Nutrient= substance that you get from food and the body needs it in order to perform its functions. Absorption= nutrient molecules are absorbed through the wall of the digestive system into the blood. Gland= an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream. Stimulus= change/signal from the env. That can make an organism react. Response= an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus. Hormone= chemical produced by an endocrine gland.

Body Organization

How do They Move? Pg.411 Muscles and bones work together to make your body move. The nervous system tells your muscles when to act. The skeletal system, or skeleton, includes all the bones in the body. The muscular system is made up of ALL the muscles in the body.

Fig. 1 System Interactions pg. 411 Muscles Moving Bones Muscles and bones work together and make the body move. muscles that are attached to the bones of the skeleton are skeletal muscles. They provide the force that moves the bones. Muscles can contract and relax. When a muscle contracts, it pulls on the bones to which it is attached. A joint is a place where two or more bones meet. Movement occurs at joints by the action of muscles on bones. The nervous system controls when and how the muscles act on bones.

System Interactions pg. 412 Bones and Joints A joint is a place in the body where two bones come together. Body bends at the JOINTS = a place where 2 bones connect i.e. elbow & shoulder move when raising hand Making Movement Happen– Muscles makes the bones move @ joint. Muscles work in pairs (to bending & for straighting) Nervous system controls when and how the muscles act on your bones. APPLY IT!!!

Which Systems Move Materials Within the Body? Pg. 413 The respiratory, digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems play key roles in moving materials within your body. The circulatory system—heart, blood vessels, and blood—brings essential materials to all cells of the body and carries away cell wastes. For example brings= oxygen/ water carries away= the waste carbon dioxide /excess water

Fig. 2 System Interactions pg. 413 The Body’s Highway The circulatory system is like a set of roadways that carries materials to and from cells. Use the word bank to identify the materials that move between cells and the blood.

Which Systems Move Materials Within the Body? Pg. 414 The respiratory system oxygen into the body carbon dioxide. Air that is inhaled lungs (organ of the respiratory system) where oxygen from the air moves into the bloodstream. The circulatory system delivers oxygen to all body cells and carries back carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it is eliminated when air is exhaled. Oxygen is needed by the cells to release energy from sugar molecules. Breathing In, Breathing Out You breathe in and out more than 20,000 times in one day.

Fig. 3 System Interactions pg. 414 Something in the Air About 21% of air is oxygen gas. The rest is mainly nitrogen gas and small amounts of other gases.

Which Systems Move Materials Within the Body? Pg. 415 The digestive system breaks down foods into nutrients, substances that the body needs to carry out its functions, which then move into the bloodstream through absorption. The circulatory system delivers these nutrients to all body cells. Getting Food The digestive system breaks down foods into sugars and nutrients that the body can use. It works with the circulatory system to get food to the cells.

Moving Wastes System Interactions pg. 415 The excretory system eliminates wastes from the body. The respiratory, circulatory and digestive systems all have roles in the excretory system.

Which Systems Controls Body Functions? The nervous system (NS) and the endocrine system (ES) work together to control body functions. Information gathered by the senses (in the form of a stimulus) travels through nerves to the brain or spinal cord and produces a response, often involving other body systems. Glands of the ES produce hormones, chemicals released directly into the bloodstream and transported throughout the body. Hormones affect many body processes. i.e. exercising  glands send message ES ES signals to make you sweat= sweat to cool down your body.

System Interactions pg. 416 Nervous System The eyes, ears, skin, nose, and taste buds send information about the environment to the nervous system. Signal that makes you react= stimulus Response= how your body reacts to the stimulus.

Fig. 4 System Interactions Stimulus and Response What is the correct order of the pictures to show stimulus and response?

System Interactions pg. 417 Endocrine System The chemical signals released by the endocrine system are called hormones. Hormones are transported = Circulatory System Hormones affect your body process(how it functions). It also affect your reproductive system (male & female) For example: how much water in bloodstream amount of sugar in the bloodstream APPLY IT!!!