Physical Properties of Matter So many ways to describe matter!

What’s your job during these notes? Pay attention. You’ll learn nothing if you daydream. Write notes as we go along. You should write neatly so that you can read these notes later. Ask questions if you’re confused or want clarification. 2

What are Physical Properties? Well, we know that all matter has mass (it’s made of stuff) and it has volume (takes up an amount of space). It doesn’t matter if it’s a flea or a whale …it’s made of matter. The most enormous stars and the tiniest, microscopic air molecules are matter, too. 3

Yes, and…? But matter has properties beyond just “mass” and “volume,”right? I mean, after all, if I asked you to describe this object here: …you wouldn’t just tell me, “It has a mass of 34 grams and a volume of 23 milliliters.” You’d use words like delicious, gooey, yummy, soft, smells good, and so on and so on. Well, as nice as it would be to just use whatever adjectives we wanted to describe matter, there are a few that we use all the time that count as physical properties.

The Periodic Table of Elements

Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 (Write it in your Journal) Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. 6

Metals, Nonmetals,Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter.

Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter. Nonmetals – substances that have the physical properties of being dull, insulators, and brittle; may appear in all three states of matter.

Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter. Nonmetals – substances that have the physical properties of being dull, insulators, and brittle; may appear in all three states of matter. Physical Properties (draw the chart) Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Examples:

Metals, Nonmetals,Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter. Nonmetals – substances that have the physical properties of being dull, insulators, and brittle; may appear in all three states of matter. Physical Properties (write in the chart) Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Shiny(luster) Malleable Ductile Conductivity Magnetic Most are solid at room temperature Examples: hair clips safety pins cooking pots jewellery scissors cutlery (knives, forks, spoons)

Metals, Nonmetals,Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter. Nonmetals – substances that have the physical properties of being dull, insulators, and brittle; may appear in all three states of matter. Physical Properties (write in the chart) Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Shiny(luster) Malleable Ductile Conductivity Magnetic Most are solid at room temperature Solid at room temperature Brittle and hard Vary in conductivity They have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Examples: hair clips safety pins cooking pots jewellery scissors cutlery (knives, forks, spoons) Radio Computers telephones

Metals, Nonmetals,Metalloids Notes: pg. 12 Metalloids – substances that exhibit some properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals – substances that have the physical properties of luster, conductivity, and malleability; may appear in all three states of matter. Nonmetals – substances that have the physical properties of being dull, insulators, and brittle; may appear in all three states of matter. Physical Properties (write in the chart) Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Shiny(luster) Malleable Ductile Conductivity Magnetic Most are solid at room temperature Solid at room temperature Brittle and hard Vary in conductivity They have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Dull (luster) Brittle (break, not bendable) Poor Conductors (insulators) Most are gases at room temperature Opposite of metals. Examples: hair clips safety pins cooking pots jewellery scissors cutlery (knives, forks, spoons) Radio Computers telephones Gases Carbon (Lead) Wooden spoon Oxygen Plastic Neon lights

LUSTER Ooohhh…look at that biscuit. Ooohhh…look at this gold ring. I desire the one on the left for its tastiness. I desire the one on the right for its LUSTER. Luster describes how shiny a substance is. 13

CONDUCTIVITY Some substances allow forms of energy, such as heat, sound, and electricity, to flow through them very easily. Apparently, Joe is one of those substances. These substances are very useful for things like: 14

Conductivity, contd. But other substances are useful to us because they’re NOT good conductors. We call those insulators. Conductivity – describes how well a substance allows heat or electricity to flow through it. Low conductivity substances are called “insulators.” 15

MALLEABILITY What do these substances have in common? If you said that they can be pounded with a mallet or hammer or fist or forehead into new shapes easily, then you’re right! Malleability – describes how easily a substance can be formed into new shapes. Opposite of “brittle.” 16

DUCTILITY What do THESE substances have in common? Well, of course…they’re all ductile! That just means they can be stretched or drawn into wires without falling apart or breaking. Ductility – describes how well a substance can be pulled into thin wires. 17

MAGNETISM I’m not sure how much to say about this. Some substances are magnetic, others aren’t. J. Magnetism – describes if a substance attracts or repels magnets. 18

And That’s… THE END!